Study (ref)8-150 | Definition and source of asbestos exposure | Definition of smoking exposure | Statistic8-151 | Exposure group | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A−S− | A+S− | A−S+ | A+S+ | |||||||
McDonald et al 24 | ⩾60 v <60 million particles per cubic foot×years: work history and dust measurements | Ever v never smoked cigarettes | O | 10 | 11 | 132 | 146 | |||
E | 27.03 | 18.03 | 80.00 | 87.43 | ||||||
SMR | 0.37 | 0.61 | 1.65 | 1.67 | ||||||
RR | 1.00 | 1.65 | 4.46 | 4.51 | ||||||
Cheng and Kong8-152 25 | Yes v no: work history and dust measurements | Cigarette smokervnon-smoker | Rate | 38.3 | 208.2 | 60.3 | 334.2 | |||
RR | 1.00 | 5.44 | 1.57 | 8.73 | ||||||
Zhu and Wang26 | Yes v no: work history and dust measurements | Smokerv non-smoker | O | 4 | 15 | 11 | 27 | |||
Man-years | 42502 | 42218 | 63714 | 25933 | ||||||
RR | 1.00 | 3.78 | 1.83 | 11.06 | ||||||
Berryet al 8-153(1971–80)1 | Severe v low to moderate: work history | Ever vnever smoked cigarettes | O | 1 | 0 | 20 | 43 | |||
ES | 0.10 | 0.06 | 12.36 | 15.88 | ||||||
(Data sets are in turn for men and women) | SMR | 1.50 | 0 | 1.73 | 2.90 | |||||
RR | 1.00 | 0 | 1.15 | 1.93 | ||||||
O | 0 | 3 | 0 | 12 | ||||||
ES | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.41 | 2.52 | ||||||
SMR | 0 | 2.25 | 0 | 5.10 | ||||||
RR | 0 | 1.00 | 0 | 2.26 | ||||||
Acheson et al 27 | Medium or heavyv background: work history and dust measurements | Ever v never smoked | O | 0 | 1 | 0 | 21 | |||
E | 0.40 | 1.10 | 2.60 | 9.00 | ||||||
SMR | 0 | 0.91 | 0 | 2.33 | ||||||
RR | 0 | 1.00 | 0 | 2.57 | ||||||
Meurman et al 28 | Heavy vmoderate: work history | Cigarette smokerv non-smoker | O | 1 | 1 | 12 | 41 | |||
E | 1.72 | 2.08 | 3.29 | 11.45 | ||||||
SMR | 0.58 | 0.48 | 3.65 | 3.58 | ||||||
RR | 1.00 | 0.83 | 6.27 | 6.16 | ||||||
Hiltet al 29 | Exposedv population controls: work history | Ever v never smoked | O | 7 | 0 | 111 | 9 | |||
Rate | 1.90 | 0 | 11.10 | 47.80 | ||||||
RR | 1.00 | 0 | 5.84 | 25.20 |
↵8-150 First author of most papers on study; reference is to paper from which main results were obtained.
↵8-151 RR=relative risk (to base A−S− unless zero cases); O=observed cases; E=expected; ES=expected adjusted for smoking; SMR=standardised mortality rate.
↵8-152 Man-years and numbers of cases not given, death rates per 100000 per year age standardised.
↵8-153 SMR and RR calculated by dividing smoking adjusted expected values by 0.15 for S− and 1.07 for S+ to make them comparable to the same reference population.