Study location | BRE study4-150 | Birmingham study4-1514-152 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Employees (n) | Range of means | Observations (n) | Mean | SD | Range | ||
Living room4-153 | 4 | 5.5–7.2 | 15 | 11.52 | 2.24 | — | |
Main bedroom | 4 | 8.5–17.8 | — | — | — | — | |
Smoky pub | — | — | 16 | 79 | 21.12 | — | |
Outside | 3 | 2.9–7.3 | 15 | 14.08 | 2.24 | — | |
Pedestrian area | — | — | 15 | 18.24 | 2.88 | — | |
In vehicle | 3 | 19.0–80.3 | 52 | 41.3 | 34.9 | — | |
On bicycle | 1 | 16.1 | 15 | 12.48 | 4.16 | — | |
Office | 4 | 3.5–5.0 | — | — | — | — | |
Refuelling | — | — | 15 | 190 | 155 | — | |
Garage | 1 | 144.7 | — | — | — | — | |
Personal exposure: | |||||||
Annual mean | 4 | 7.3–11.0 | — | — | — | — | |
12 h daytime exposure | — | — | 50 | 12.2 | — | 0.74–283 | |
12 h night time exposure | — | — | — | 6.2 | — | 1.95–18 |
↵4-150 Data from Mann et al 66; sampling at fixed locations was for consecutive 28 day exposure periods.
↵4-151 Data from Leung and Harrison63; microenvironment sampling periods were between 10 and 30 minutes. Outside refers to Birmingham city centre.
↵4-152 Values reported as ppb in original papers.
↵4-153 Non-smoking house.