RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 The association of household fine particulate matter and kerosene with tuberculosis in women and children in Pune, India
JF Occupational and Environmental Medicine
JO Occup Environ Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 40
OP 47
DO 10.1136/oemed-2018-105122
VO 76
IS 1
A1 Jessica L Elf
A1 Aarti Kinikar
A1 Sandhya Khadse
A1 Vidya Mave
A1 Nishi Suryavanshi
A1 Nikhil Gupte
A1 Vaishali Kulkarni
A1 Sunita Patekar
A1 Priyanka Raichur
A1 Mandar Paradkar
A1 Vandana Kulkarni
A1 Neeta Pradhan
A1 Patrick N Breysse
A1 Amita Gupta
A1 Jonathan E Golub
YR 2019
UL http://oem.bmj.com/content/76/1/40.abstract
AB Objectives Household air pollution (HAP) is a risk factor for respiratory disease, however has yet to be definitively associated with tuberculosis (TB). We aimed to assess the association between HAP and TB.Methods A matched case–control study was conducted among adult women and children patients with TB and healthy controls matched on geography, age and sex. HAP was assessed using questionnaires for pollution sources and 24-hour household concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5).Results In total, 192 individuals in 96 matched pairs were included. The median 24-hour time-weighted average PM2.5 was nearly seven times higher than the WHO’s recommendation of 25 µg/m3, and did not vary between controls (179 µg/m3; IQR: 113–292) and cases (median 157 µg/m3; 95% CI 93 to 279; p=0.57). Reported use of wood fuel was not associated with TB (OR 2.32; 95% CI 0.65 to 24.20) and kerosene was significantly associated with TB (OR 5.49, 95% CI 1.24 to 24.20) in adjusted analysis. Household PM2.5 was not associated with TB in univariate or adjusted analysis. Controlling for PM2.5 concentration, kerosene was not significantly associated with TB, but effect sizes ranged from OR 4.30 (95% CI 0.78 to 30.86; p=0.09) to OR 5.49 (0.82 to 36.75; p=0.08).Conclusions Use of kerosene cooking fuel is positively associated with TB in analysis using reported sources of exposure. Ubiquitously high levels of particulates limited detection of a difference in household PM2.5 between cases and controls.