• brain tumour
• cancer
• microwaves
• mobile telecommunication
• risk assessment

• CT, computed tomography
• GSM, global system (service) for mobile telecommunication
• DCS, digital cellular system
• DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
• DTX, discontinuous transmission
• EMF, electromagnetic field
• GMSK, Gaussian minimum shift keying
• IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer
• ICNIRP, International Commission for Non-Ionising Radiation Protection
• MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
• NRPB, National Radiological Protection Board
• OR, odds ratio
• SAR, specific (energy) absorption rate
• SIR, standardised incidence ratio
• TDMA, time division multiple access
• UV, ultraviolet radiation
• WHO, World Health Organisation

The continued success of mobile telecommunication producing a still growing population of users amounting to hundreds of millions of people worldwide has raised concerns about possible consequences on public health if mobile phones turn out to be less safe than previously assumed. In fact, never before in history has a device been used that exposes such a great proportion of the population to microwaves in the near-field and at comparatively high levels. The advantages of this technology with respect to health protection are undeniable, considering the many lives that have been saved by mobile phone calls in cases of emergency. On the other hand, telephoning while driving has become an important cause of accidents. However, the issue of possible long term effects such as the development of cancer is controversial. While there are still not enough data to present a final risk assessment, there is evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies that long term exposure to emissions from mobile phones may lead to a small to moderate increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. If a high proportion of the population is exposed, even a small additional risk could be of great importance to public health protection; hence measures reducing exposure may be indicated. However, because of the undeniable scientific uncertainties, industry lobbying has been successful in avoiding too strict prevention strategies.