Introduction The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out by the Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Control, which is a unified centralized system for the prevention, detection, suppression of violations in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in order to protect the health of the population and the human environment. The pandemic of a novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV2 has posed a severe global crisis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this service took full control, monitoring and analysis of work to combat coronavirus infection. The purpose of infection control is to prevent and combat the emergence of acute infectious diseases among the population. The activities of the committee are aimed at: 1. Protection of public health. 2. Sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population. 3. Anti-corruption activities. 4. Control and supervision over compliance with the requirements established by technical regulations in the country.

Methods An analysis was made of the structure of this state body, its activities, the number of employees and the results of their work.

Results and Conclusion There was a high shortage of specialist epidemiologists in this industry during the pandemic. After analyzing the activities of the sanitary and epidemiological service, we came to the conclusion that these problems arose in connection with the constant reorganization of this service. Over the period of 10 years (2010–2020), there have been transformations and changes in the committee for sanitary and epidemiological control more than 6 times, which significantly influenced the work of the sanitary and epidemiological service and its weakening. It should be noted that over the years of its existence, the service has been one of the main ones in protecting the health of the population of Kazakhstan.