Introduction Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer caused by occupational, environmental and indirect exposure to asbestos, material that some countries have already prohibited. Survival is less than 1 year. Diagnosis is currently a challenge and the search for early, single or combined diagnostic biomarkers continues to be performed on non-invasive samples. MicroRNAs are circulating released molecules whose expression is altered in some types of cancer, making them good diagnostic candidates in the MMP.

Methods A descriptive study was carried out in plasma of 6 cases of MPM and 6 controls without exposure to asbestos matched by age and sex. The samples come from a previous case-control study conducted in Mexico from 2011 to 2016. We evaluated 384 plasma microRNAs by means of RT-qPCR using the platform and QIAgen. The analysis of results was performed with the GeneGlobe program.

Results hsa-miR-1587, hsa-miR-19b-1–5 p, hsa-miR-93–3 p, hsa-miR-21–3 p, hsa-let-7i-3p, hsa-miR-194–5 p, hsa-miR-1280, hsa-miR-18a-3p, hsa-miR-133a-3p, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-2467–3 p, had altered expression in cases and controls

Discussion While some microRNAs found in this study have been associated with kidney disease, hypertension, endometriosis, liver cancer, diabetes, colorectal cancer, gastric and esophageal cancer; The microRNA hsa-let-7i-3p associated with lung cancer are specially interest, miR-194–5 p deregulated in tumorogenesis and miR-1280 modulates cell growth, so the next step will be to validate them in a new collection of samples and perform the network of interaction in the metabolic pathways.