Introduction We conducted a study objectives were to determine the prevalence, profile and factors associated with blood exposure accidents in public hospitals in Lubumbashi.

Methods It was a descriptive analytical study of 112 referred to clinical staff and para-clinical in six public hospitals in Lubumbashi to April 2017. These data were collected in one day in a staff structure in meeting the various services the day of the survey. They were analysed in Epi-Info Version 7 software.

Results Sur personal 112 respondents, 63.4% were nurses, laboratory technicians 13.4%, 12.5% general practitioners, 5.4% surface of technicians and specialists 5.4%. The prevalence of blood exposure accidents (AES) was 73.2%. These accidents occurred in the halls of care (45.5%), while in custody (40.0%) and in the intramuscular and intravenous injections (59.2%).

The accident pitting (74.4%) were the most frequent type and associated factors were the act of suturing wounds (3.4; CI=[1.1 to 10.9]), the injection instrument (36.2, CI: 4.4 to 297, 3).

Nursing (14.7; CI: 1.6 to 134.6) and the lab technician were more likely than others (13.8, CI: 1.2 to 156.7).

Conclusion The prevalence of blood exposure accidents is high; it concerns nurses and laboratory technicians in the public hospitals of Lubumbashi.

It is important to sensitising them to compliance with standard precautions for the fight against such accidents.