Objectives To evaluate workers’ health outcomes and their association with work organisation (WOF) and violence (WV) factors among sectors of the economy in Argentina.

Method We used data from the first Employment, Working conditions and Health Survey with face-to-face interviews. We selected 7200 sample cases representative of 3 000 000 workers from different economic sectors across Argentina. Multi-stage methods were applied. Sex and age were considered. The dependent variables were: reported work-injuries, occupational disease, health care visits and symptoms from the workers’ perspective. Psychosocial factors were classified as: work organisation factors, violence and harassment factors. To determine the association between health outcomes and risk factors, prevalence and Odds Ratios with 95% confidence intervals (OR) were estimated using and Logistic Regression.

Results Exposed workers to WOF and WV had highest prevalence of injuries (18%, 17% vs. 9 and 11%), diseases (6.6, 7.5% vs. 3.5 y 3.8%) and health care visits, for both WOF and WF respectively (p < 0.001). Related symptoms, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal were more expressed in exposed men, OR 1.20, 1.13–1.26; in women the risk of having symptoms were 2 times more compared to non-exposed ones (OR 2.10; 1.93–2.28). Exposed workers to both factors WOF and WV, increased 2–3 times the risk of having health outcomes.

Conclusions Is increasing the evidence of health outcomes related to work organisation factors, therefore, for designing and targeting preventive strategies, and for a comprehensive understanding of health outcomes in the working population, it is necessary to include variables from a psychosocial and gender point of view.