Article Text

Download PDFPDF
Personal exposure monitoring of particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide, including susceptible groups
  1. R M Harrison1,
  2. C A Thornton1,
  3. R G Lawrence1,
  4. D Mark1,
  5. R P Kinnersley1,
  6. J G Ayres2
  1. 1Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
  2. 2Department of Research and Development, 1st Floor, Lincoln House, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK
  1. Correspondence to:
    Prof. R M Harrison, Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
    R.M.Harrison.ipe{at}bham.ac.uk

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the relation between personal exposures to nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and PM10, and exposures estimated from static concentrations of these pollutants measured within the same microenvironments, for healthy individuals and members of susceptible groups.

Methods: Eleven healthy adult subjects and 18 members of groups more susceptible to adverse health changes in response to a given level of exposure to nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and/or PM10 than the general population (six schoolchildren, six elderly subjects, and six with pre-existing disease—two with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), two with left ventricular failure (LVF), and two with severe asthma) were recruited. Daytime personal exposures were determined either directly or through shadowing. Relations between personal exposures and simultaneously measured microenvironment concentrations were examined.

Results: Correlations between personal exposures and microenvironment concentration were frequently weak for individual subjects because of the small range in measured concentrations. However, when all subjects were pooled, excellent relations between measured personal exposure and microenvironment concentration were found for both carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, with slopes of close to one and near zero intercepts. For PM10, a good correlation was also found with an intercept of personal exposure (personal cloud) of 16.7 (SD 10.4) μg/m3. Modelled and measured personal exposures were generally in reasonably good agreement, but modelling with generic mean microenvironment data was unable to represent the full range of measured concentrations.

Conclusions: Microenvironment measurements of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide can well represent the personal exposures of individuals within that microenvironment. The same is true for PM10 with the addition of a personal cloud increment. Elderly subjects and those with pre-existing disease received generally lower PM10 exposures than the healthy adult subjects and schoolchildren by virtue of their less active lifestyles.

  • air pollution
  • personal exposure
  • carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide
  • PM10
  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • ETS, environmental tobacco smoke
  • LVF, left ventricular failure
  • PM, particulate matter

Statistics from Altmetric.com

Request Permissions

If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.