This cohort study includes 792 men exposed to cutting fluids that contain mineral oils and additives in a machining industry. Their cancer mortality and morbidity was compared with that of the general population of the same city. The total mortality was not found to be increased, and there were no increased incidences of lung cancer or death resulting from nonmalignant respiratory diseases. Seven of the turners but none of the grinders had squamous cell carcinomas on the skin of the scrotum. There was no increased incidence of cancer of the urinary bladder.