Two Swedish epidemiological studies have shown an association between the use of mobile telephones, mainly of the analogue type, and brain tumours. These findings have been corroborated in a Finnish study. Supportive evidence has also come from studies in USA, but these investigations, as well as a Danish study, are inconclusive due to e.g., few exposed subjects, short latency periods and methodological shortcomings. The Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) engaged two epidemiologists from a private company to conduct a review of the literature. They claimed that use of mobile telephones is not associated with increased risk for brain tumours. Their conclusion was, however, based on an unbalanced view of current literature in favour of studies showing no association. These circumstances are further explored in this communication.