Reproductive toxicology reviews
A critical review of low-level prenatal lead exposure in the human: 1. Effects on the fetus and newborn

https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6238(92)90017-NGet rights and content

First page preview

First page preview
Click to open first page preview

References (92)

  • M Shohat et al.

    Neonatal polycythemia: 1. Early diagnosis and incidence relating to time of sampling

    Pediatrics

    (1984)
  • V Delaney-Black et al.

    Neonatal hyperviscosity association with lower achievement and IQ scores at school age

    Pediatrics

    (1989)
  • PL Mollison

    Blood transfusion in clinical medicine

  • AE Timpo et al.

    Congenital lead intoxication

    J Pediatr.

    (1979)
  • JG Wilson

    Environment and birth defects

    (1973)
  • N Day et al.

    Prenatal exposure to alcohol: effect on infant growth and morphologic characteristics

    Pediatrics.

    (1989)
  • P Grandjean et al.

    Influence of smoking and alcohol consumption on blood lead levels

    Int Arch Occup Environ Health

    (1981)
  • D Bellinger et al.

    Methodological issues in modeling the relationship between low-level lead exposure and infant development: examples from the Boston lead study

    Environ Res.

    (1985)
  • Ernhart CB, Greene T. Postpartum changes in maternal blood lead levels. Br J Ind Med. [In...
  • WN Rom

    Effects of lead on the female and reproduction: a review

    Mt Sinai J Med.

    (1976)
  • FJ Taussig

    Abortion, spontaneous and induced

    (1936)
  • T Oliver

    Lead poisoning and race

    Br Med J.

    (1911)
  • Bureau of National Affairs, Inc.
  • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

    The nature and extent of lead poisoning in children in the United States: A report to Congress

  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Air quality criteria for lead (EPA Report no. EPA-600/8-83/028aF-dF). Research...
  • J Graziano et al.

    The influence of environmental lead exposure on human pregnancy outcome

  • ARL Clark

    Placental transfer of lead and its effects on the newborn

    Postgrad Med J.

    (1977)
  • JA Kochen et al.

    Levels of lead in blood and hematocrit: implications for the evaluation of the newborn and anemic patient

    Pediatr Res.

    (1973)
  • K-M Li

    Lead values in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood

    J Res Soc Health

    (1988)
  • N Milman et al.

    Blood lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin in mothers and newborn infants

    Eur J Pediatr.

    (1988)
  • S Rothenberg

    The Mexico City prospective lead study

  • MR Moore

    Haem biosynthesis and lead

  • D Barltrop

    Transfer of lead to the human fetus

  • P Borella et al.

    Lead content in abortion material from urban women in early pregnancy

    Int Arch Occup Environ Health

    (1986)
  • DG Wibberley et al.

    Lead levels in human placentae from normal and malformed births

    J Med Genet.

    (1977)
  • NI Ward et al.

    Placental element levels in relation to fetal development for obstetrically “normal” births: a study of 37 elements. Evidence for effects of cadmium, lead and zinc on fetal growth, and for smoking as a source of cadmium

    Int J Biosoc Res.

    (1987)
  • G Huel et al.

    Cadmium and lead content of maternal and newborn hair: relationship to parity, birth weight and hypertension

    Arch Environ Health

    (1981)
  • G Vivolli et al.

    Evaluation of different biological indicators of lead exposure related to neuropsychological effects in children

    G. Vivolli et al.

    Dev Med Child Neurol.

    (1989)
  • S Nordström et al.

    Occupational and environmental risks in and around a smelter in northern Sweden; 6: congenital malformations

    Hereditas

    (1979)
  • MS Fahim et al.

    Effects of subtoxic lead levels on pregnant women in the State of Missouri

    Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol.

    (1976)
  • AJ McMichael et al.

    The Port Pirie cohort study: maternal blood lead and pregnancy outcome

    J Epidemiol Commun Health

    (1986)
  • FW Alexander et al.

    Blood lead levels during pregnancy

    Int Arch Occup Environ Health

    (1981)
  • MH Battacharyya

    Bioavailability of orally administered cadmium and lead to the mother, fetus, and neonate during pregnancy and lactation

    Sci Tot Environ.

    (1983)
  • R Shukla et al.

    Fetal and infant lead exposure: effects on growth in stature

    Pediatrics

    (1989)
  • JF Rosen

    Metabolic and cellular effects of lead: a guide to low level lead toxicity in children

  • WI Manton

    Total contribution of airborne lead to blood lead

    Br J Ind Med.

    (1985)
  • Cited by (65)

    • Removal of emerging contaminants from pharmaceutical wastewater through application of bionanotechnology

      2021, Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes: Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Wastewater through Bio-nanotechnology
    • Nano-magnetic walnut shell-rice husk for Cd(II) sorption: design and optimization using artificial intelligence and design expert

      2019, Heliyon
      Citation Excerpt :

      It is well-known that the presence of heavy metals in waste water bodies due to natural and anthropogenic activities is extremely dangerous to the lives of humans and aquatic habitants as they interfere with body systems to cause diseases such as liver damage, chronic asthma, diarrhea, kidney congestion, headaches, nausea, vomiting, dermatitis and so on (Ernhart, 1992; Khlifi and Hamza-Chaffai, 2010; Sublet et al., 2003).

    • Blood heavy metal concentrations in pregnant Korean women and their children up to age 5 years: Mothers’ and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) birth cohort study

      2017, Science of the Total Environment
      Citation Excerpt :

      Thus, even when the mother has low blood levels of these metals, the placenta cannot prevent their transfer to the fetus. This observation is consistent with the findings of other studies (Ernhart, 1992; Iyengar and Rapp, 2001; Raghunath et al., 2000). Furthermore, maternal lead and mercury levels correlated with infants' levels of these metals.

    • Heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) in maternal, cord blood and placenta of healthy women

      2011, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
      Citation Excerpt :

      This indicates that even when the mother has a low blood lead level, the placenta cannot prevent lead transfer from mother to newborn. This observation is consistent with the findings of other studies (Ernhart, 1992; Iyengar and Rapp, 2001; Raghunath et al., 2000). Nevertheless, our correlation coefficient (r) of 0.456 was lower than in many other countries (Table 10).

    • The clinical content of preconception care: environmental exposures

      2008, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
      Citation Excerpt :

      Although there is no documented safe threshold for BLLs, the adverse effects of antepartum lead levels on the fetus in the range typically found in the United States have not been established. It is also difficult to interpret BLLs in pregnancy because of the potential for hemodilution and the frequent presence of coexisting anemia.18 This, however, does not preclude measuring the BLL in a preconception or pregnant patient who gives a history suggestive of past or current exposure.

    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text