Particulate air pollutants: A comparison of British “Smoke” with optical absorption coefficient and elemental carbon concentration
References (22)
- et al.
The measurement of suspended particle and total carbon concentrations in the atmosphere using standard smoke shade methods
Atmospheric Environment
(1982) - et al.
Determination of elemental carbon component of soot in ambient aerosol samples
Atmospheric Environment
(1980) - et al.
Visibility reducing species in the Denver “brown cloud”—I. Relationships between extinction and chemical composition
Atmospheric Environment
(1981) - et al.
Optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols
Atmospheric Environment
(1981) Extinction and absorbtion coefficients of the atmospheric aerosols as a function of particle size
Contr. Atm. Phys.
(1973)- et al.
Diesel exhaust aerosol particle size distributions—comparison of theory and experiment
Soc. Automotive Engng. Trans., Paper 780110
(1978) Measurement of the Optical Densities of smoke stains on filter papers
Trans. Faraday Soc.
(1936)- et al.
Health effects of particulate pollution: reappraising the evidence
Am. J. Epidemiol.
(1979) - et al.
An automated thermal optical method for the analysis of carbonaceous aerosol
- et al.
Evaluation of airborne particulates in atmospheric pollution studies
Analyt. Chem.
(1958)
Absorption coefficient for atmospheric aerosol: a method for measurement
Appl. Optics
Cited by (64)
Use of coir fibers for water and air filters
2022, Coir Fiber and its Composites: Processing, Properties and ApplicationsIntercomparison of methods to estimate black carbon emissions from cookstoves
2017, Science of the Total EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :Previous studies have explained that fibrous filters allow the particles to become partly or completely embedded (Bond et al., 1999). The penetration of particles into the filters causes multiple scattering within the filter (Presser et al., 2014; Davy et al., 2017) and may cause the filters to be more reflective for a given aerosol loading than if the particles were retained on their surface (Edwards et al., 1983). This occurs on matted filters, where the particles appear to be distributed discretely over the uneven topography of the matted surface (Presser et al., 2014).
Estimating particulate black carbon concentrations using two offline light absorption methods applied to four types of filter media
2017, Atmospheric EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :OECD (1964) and BSI (1969) provided a correction factor of 0.92 when the face velocity was 25% of the standard value and a correction factor of 0.80 for 6% of the standard, indicating that the effect is not excessive. Additionally, Edwards et al. (1983) found consistent relationships between reflectance and elemental carbon between two samplers with a factor of four differences in face velocity, for Whatman paper filters. It is unlikely, therefore, that face velocity would be a major constraint in applying Equations (2) and (3) and Table 6 factors to filters collected under different sampling regimes, although this would need to be confirmed experimentally.
Validating a nondestructive optical method for apportioning colored particulate matter into black carbon and additional components
2011, Atmospheric EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :This method assumes that light at any wavelength is absorbed only by BC. Prior work (Edwards et al., 1983, and reference therein) has demonstrated that SSR measurements can be a good proxy for elemental carbon concentrations in PM filters; however, the standard EXPOLIS method for using the SSR has the device directly touching the PM on the active area of the filter and measures the filter in five locations, leading to potential mass loss and/or cross contamination. To overcome contamination issues, the Columbia University group designed and successfully applied a filter holder that touches only the outer plastic ring, holding the filter in a fixed flat geometry and 2.5 mm away from the head of the SSR (Kinney et al., 2002; van Vliet and Kinney, 2007).
Key issues in controlling air pollutants in Dhaka, Bangladesh
2011, Atmospheric EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :The precision of the BC was estimated to be within 4–9%, depending on the mass loading on the exposed filter. The absolute accuracy of the reflectometer system for BC estimates is less uncertain, and comparisons of this technique with thermal optical reflectance measurements have been made (Edwards et al., 1983; Horvath, 1997a,b). Multielemental analyses of the samples collected during the above cited time intervals were made using proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) at the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science (GNS), New Zealand.
- ∗
Present address: The Boeing Co., Seattle, WA 98124, U.S.A.
- †
Present address: Department of Meteorology, University of Stockholm, Arrhenius Laboratory, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.