Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunohistochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid-Induced Changes in Rat Kidney Cortex

  • Published:
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on rat kidney cortex histology. Oral exposure of rats to 2,4-D for 28 days resulted in decreases in body weight gain and kidney weight. Histological examination showed degeneration in renal corpuscles and podocytes; vacuolization in the glomerulus with disintegration of the basal membrane; tissue edema; vacuolization, cystic dilation and invagination of the basal laminae in the tubular structures; dilation and congestion in renal corpuscular vessels and marked decrease in glomerular and stromal fibronectin reaction; suggesting that subacute 2,4-D administration induces dose-dependent histopathological degenerative effects in rat kidney cortex.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexander BH, Mandel JS, Baker BA, Burns CJ, Bartels MJ, Acquavella JF, Gustin C (2007) Biomonitoring of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid exposure and dose in farm families. Environ Health Perspect 115:370–376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnekow DE, Hamburg AW, Puvanesarajah V, Guo M (2001) Metabolism of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in laying hens and lactating goats. J Agric Food Chem 49:156–163. doi:10.1021/jf000119r

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Braissant O, Foufelle F, Scotto C, Dauça M, Wahli W (1996) Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): tissue distribution of PPAR-alpha, -beta, and -gamma in the adult rat. Endocrinology 137:354–366. doi:10.1210/en.137.1.354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Charles JM, Cunny HC, Wilson RD, Bus JS (1996) Comparative subchronic studies on 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, amine, and ester in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 33:161–165. doi:10.1006/faat.1996.0153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark DE, Young JE, Younger RL, Hunt LM, McLaren JK (1964) Animal metabolism of herbicides; fate of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in sheep. J Agric Food Chem 12:43–45. doi:10.1021/jf60131a013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark DE, Palmer JS, Radeleff RD, Crookshank HR, Farr FM (1975) Residues of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides and their phenolic metabolites in tissues of sheep and cattle. J Agric Food Chem 23:573–578. doi:10.1021/jf60199a032

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donald DB, Syrgiannis J, Hunter F, Weiss G (1999) Agricultural pesticides threaten the ecological integrity of northern prairie wetlands. Sci Total Environ 231:173–181. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00091-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Galbavý S, Lukác L, Porubský J, Cerná M, Labuda M, Kmet’ová J, Papincák J, Durdík S, Jakubovský J (2002) Collagen type IV in epithelial tumours of colon. Acta Histochem 104:331–334. doi:10.1078/0065-1281-00680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorzinski SJ, Kociba RJ, Campbell RA, Smith FA, Nolan RJ, Eisenbrandt DL (1987) Acute, pharmacokinetic, and subchronic toxicological studies of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Fundam Appl Toxicol 9:423–435. doi:10.1016/0272-0590(87)90025-X

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kawashima Y, Katoh H, Nakajima S, Kozuka H, Uchiyama M (1984) Effects of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid on peroxisomal enzymes in rat liver. Biochem Pharmacol 33:241–245. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90481-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • OECD (2000) Protocol for investigating the efficacy of the Enhanced TG 407 Test Guideline (phase 2). Rationale for the investigation, and description of the protocol (issued 4 May, 2000). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozaki K, Mahler JF, Haseman JK, Moomaw CR, Nicolette ML, Nyska A (2001) Unique renal tubule changes induced in rats and mice by the peroxisome proliferators 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and WY-14643. Toxicol Pathol 29:440–450. doi:10.1080/01926230152499791

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard JB, Krall AR, Silverthorn SU (1982) Effects of anionic xenobiotics on rat kidney I tissue and mitochondrial respiration. Biochem Pharmacol 31:149–155. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(82)90204-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • St. John LE Jr, Ammering JW, Wagner DG, Wagner RG, Lisk DJ (1965) Fate of 4, 6-Dinitro-2-isobutylphenol, 2-chloro-4, 6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine, and pentachloronitrobenzene in the dairy cow. J Dairy Sci 48:502–503

    Google Scholar 

  • Sulik M, Sulik A, Barwijuk-Machała M, Piłat-Marcinkiewicz B (2002) Fetotoxic action of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D)III. Morphological changes in rat kidneys. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 47:175–185

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Ravenzwaay B, Mellert W, Deckardt K, Küttler K (2005) The comparative toxicology of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid and its plant metabolite 4-chloro-2-carboxyphenoxyacetic acid in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 42:47–54. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.01.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study has been presented in part at the VIII. National Histology and Embryology Congress, 27–30 June 2006, Malatya-Turkey. The authors would like to thank Mrs. Sevim Balkız, Belgin Kalmaz and Mr. İsmail Zonguldak for their technical help. This work was supported by The Research Fund of Ege University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Yiğit Uyanikgil, Utku Ateş & Meral Baka

  2. Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Songül Biçer, Ebru Öztaş & Gürsel Ergen

Authors
  1. Yiğit Uyanikgil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Utku Ateş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Meral Baka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Songül Biçer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ebru Öztaş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gürsel Ergen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yiğit Uyanikgil.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Uyanikgil, Y., Ateş, U., Baka, M. et al. Immunohistochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid-Induced Changes in Rat Kidney Cortex. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 82, 749–755 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9689-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9689-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation