The question to what extent workplace conditions experienced by individuals predict health-related outcomes is a central topic in the general population and in the scientific community. Empirical studies have shown that adverse workplace conditions can negatively impact health, for example, in the form of an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases1 or depression.2 In this context, the systematic review by Then et al3 summarises the evidence on long-term effects of psychosocial workplace conditions on dementia, a highly prevalent and terminal disease in old age. The authors identified 14 studies, and the outcomes considered were cognitive deterioration (ie, not dementia) and dementia. The authors found evidence for protective effects of high job control and high work complexity (with respect to people and data) on the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, and their results indicate a protective effect of cognitively demanding work conditions with respect to cognitive deterioration …