Table 4

Genome-wide significant interactions between pesticide exposure and gender, current-smoking or airway obstruction on DNA methylation levels

								High pesticide exposure			Sex/current-smoking/airway obstruction			Interaction
CpG	Chr	Bp	Str	Gene	Island	Position	Mean beta (%)	B	SE	P	B	SE	P	B	SE	P
Pesticide exposure×sex (n=1561)
cg08855288	8	63 161 589	−	NKAIN3	Island	5′ UTR	6.53	−2.39	0.52	4.59×10⁻⁶	−0.28	0.21	0.184	2.06	0.39	1.01×10⁻⁷
Pesticide exposure×current-smoking (n=1561)
cg07158503	5	135 415 693	−	VTRNA2-1	N_Shore	TSS1500	47.4	0.14	1.09	0.900	−0.51	0.65	0.428	−15.95	2.10	3.23×10⁻¹⁴
cg06478886	5	135 416 029	−	VTRNA2-1	N_Shore	TSS200	36.7	0.32	0.89	0.718	−0.20	0.52	0.700	−10.42	1.70	9.64×10⁻¹⁰
cg10994681	11	31 672 091	+	ELP4	Body	Body	86.2	−1.31	0.36	0.0003	−0.08	0.21	0.712	3.64	0.70	1.92×10⁻⁷
cg11608150	5	135 415 948	−	VTRNA2-1	N_Shore	TSS1500	30.8	0.30	1.12	0.788	−0.92	0.67	0.167	−11.24	2.16	2.02×10⁻⁷
Pesticide exposure×airway obstruction (n=1561)
cg15793258	19	4 638 503	−	TNFAIP8L1	N_Shore	TSS1500	62.6	−0.59	0.76	0.440	−0.57	0.30	0.058	−20.19	1.69	6.19×10⁻³³
cg25251562	2	3 704 773	−	ALLC	OpenSea	TSS1500	83.7	0.78	0.89	0.377	0.58	0.35	0.093	−12.20	1.96	4.72×10⁻¹⁰
cg12839813	16	89 114 720	−	CTD-2555A7.2	Island	Body	50.9	−0.61	0.75	0.418	0.56	0.29	0.057	9.00	1.66	5.55×10⁻⁸
cg17623116	3	26 751 066	+	LRRC3B	OpenSea	5′ UTR	83.6	0.57	0.52	0.007	0.15	0.08	0.064	−2.43	0.46	1.61×10⁻⁷
cg19084031	15	38 361 362	−	RP11-1008C21.2	N_Shelf	3′ 7 kb	18.5	−0.83	0.00	0.109	0.02	0.20	0.935	5.69	1.15	6.72×10⁻⁷

B, beta; Bp, base pair; Chr, chromosome; CpG, DNA methylation site; Str, strand, UTR, untranslated region, TSS, transcription start site.