Characteristics of the subjects included in LifeLines
| Complete cohort | Men | Women | Never- smokers | Current- smokers | Subjects without airway obstruction | Subjects with airway obstruction | |
| n without missing data | 1561 | 883 | 678 | 903 | 658 | 966 | 595 |
| Men, n (%) | 883 (57) | 883 (100) | 0 (0) | 508 (56) | 375 (57) | 588 (61) | 295 (50) |
| Age (years), median (min–max) | 46 (18–80) | 46 (19–79) | 46 (18–80) | 46 (18–80) | 46 (22–79) | 44 (18–79) | 49 (26–80) |
| Pesticide exposures, n (%) | |||||||
| No | 1392 (89) | 762 (83) | 630 (93) | 786 (87) | 606 (92) | 836 (87) | 556 (93) |
| Low | 108 (7) | 76 (9) | 32 (5) | 72 (8) | 36 (6) | 81 (8) | 27 (5) |
| High | 61 (4) | 45 (5) | 16 (2) | 45 (5) | 16 (2) | 49 (5) | 12 (2) |
| Current-smokers | 658 (42) | 375 (43) | 283 (41) | 0 (0) | 658 (100) | 379 (39) | 279 (47) |
| Pack-years, mean (min–max) | 8.7 (0–100) | 9 (0–100) | 8 (0–58) | 0 | 21 (5–100) | 7 (0–68) | 11 (0–100) |
| Pulmonary function, mean (SD) | |||||||
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 73 (9) | 74 (9) | 73 (8.48) | 74 (8) | 72 (9) | 79 (5) | 64 (5) |
| FEV1%predicted (%)* | 92 (14) | 93 (14) | 91 (14) | 95 (14) | 89 (14) | 97 (12) | 84 (14) |
| Airway obstruction, n (%)† | 595 (38) | 295 (33) | 300 (44) | 316 (35) | 279 (42) | 0 (0) | 595 (100) |
| GOLD COPD stage ≥2, n (%)‡ | 158 (10) | 83 (9) | 75 (11) | 56 (6) | 102 (16) | 0 (0) | 158 (26) |
| Differential blood counts, mean (SD) | |||||||
| Basophilic granulocytes (%) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.30) | 0.5 (0.4) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.4) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.3) |
| Eosinophil granulocytes (%) | 3.1 (1.9) | 3.2 (1.93) | 3.0 (1.9) | 3.1 (2.1) | 3.1 (1.7) | 3.1 (1.9) | 3.2 (2.0) |
| Neutrophil granulocytes (%) | 55.0 (8.45) | 54.4 (8.13) | 55.8 (8.6) | 54.5 (8.2) | 55.8 (8.5) | 55.2 (8.3) | 54.8 (8.5) |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 33.2 (7.5) | 33.3 (7.32) | 33.1 (7.8) | 33.7 (7.5) | 32.5 (7.5) | 33.1 (7.6) | 33.4 (7.5) |
| Mononuclear cells (%) | 8.1 (1.9) | 8.6 (1.91) | 7.6 (1.8) | 8.2 (1.9) | 8.1 (2.0) | 8.2 (1.9) | 8.1 (1.9) |
*FEV1%predicted is based on the reference equation by Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 (GLI-2012).
†FEV1/FVC <70%.
‡Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) COPD stage: FEV1/FVC <70% and FEV1%predicted <80%.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.