Categorical and continuous results of mortality analyses by blood lead category for selected non-malignant causes of death
| Cause | Number of deaths by lead category | Lead category, µg/dL† | HR* | 95% CI | Coefficient for ln max blood lead; p value for test for trend |
| All deaths, n=13 971 | 2833 | 20 to <30 | 1.15 | 1.10 to 1.21 | 1.17; p<0.0001 |
| 1963 | 30 to <40 | 1.21 | 1.15 to 1.28 | ||
| 4451 | 40+ | 1.43 | 1.36 to 1.50 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease, n=62* | 8 | 20 to <30 | 0.70 | 0.30 to 1.65 | 1.25; p=0.25 |
| 7 | 30 to <40 | 0.68 | 0.27 to 1.70 | ||
| 30 | 40+ | 1.54 | 0.77 to 3.08 | ||
| COPD, n=543* | 107 | 20 to <30 | 1.43 | 1.10 to 1.86 | 1.39; p<0.0001 |
| 72 | 30 to <40 | 1.31 | 0.96 to 1.78 | ||
| 236 | 40+ | 1.84 | 1.42 to 2.38 | ||
| Ischaemic heart disease, n=3227* | 657 | 20 to <30 | 1.14 | 1.04 to 1.26 | 1.22; p<0.0001 |
| 413 | 30 to <40 | 1.16 | 1.03 to 1.31 | ||
| 1048 | 40+ | 1.41 | 1.28 to 1.57 | ||
| Stroke, n=871* | 181 | 20 to <30 | 1.24 | 1.03 to 1.50 | 1.23; p=0.0002 |
| 130 | 30 to <40 | 1.49 | 1.20 to 1.85 | ||
| 261 | 40+ | 1.41 | 1.16 to 1.72 |
*Kidney disease ICD 9 codes 582–583 585–587, ICD10 codes N01 N03 N05 N07 N14.0-N14.3 N15.0 N18 N19 N26; COPD ICD 9 codes 490–492 496, ICD 10 codes J40-J44; heart disease ICD9 codes 410–414, ICD10 codes I20-I22 I24-I25 I51.3 I51.6; stroke ICD9 codes 430–438, ICD10 codes G45 I60-I64 I67 I69.
† Referent is <20 µg/dL maximum blood lead, adjusted for gender, birth year decade, country.