(A) Dicentric chromosomes | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole-HR | CBC-HR | TLD-HR | Controls | |||||||||
n | Dicentrics | p Value | n | Dicentrics | p Value | n | Dicentrics | p Value | n | Dicentrics | p Value | |
Total† | 297 | 4.14±0.32** | 56 | 6.93±1.35**# | 241 | 3.49±0.21** | 120 | 1.33±0.13 | ||||
Age (years)† | ||||||||||||
<40 | 115 | 3.69±0.39** | 0.134 | 29 | 4.55±1.03** | 0.013 | 86 | 3.40±0.38** | 0.324 | 84 | 1.17±0.13 | 0.044 |
≥40 | 182 | 4.43±0.45** | 27 | 9.48±2.51**## | 155 | 3.55±0.26** | 36 | 1.72±0.27 | ||||
Gender† | ||||||||||||
Female | 4 | 3.50±2.26 | 0.498 | 4 | 3.50±2.26 | 0.183 | 0 | – | – | 43 | 1.33±0.22 | 0.862 |
Male | 293 | 4.17±0.32** | 52 | 7.19±1.44**## | 241 | 3.49±0.21** | 77 | 1.34±0.16 | ||||
Smoking habits† | ||||||||||||
Never-smokers | 147 | 3.97±0.38** | 0.199 | 32 | 6.72±1.24**## | 0.894 | 115 | 3.21±0.32** | 0.101 | 75 | 1.28±0.15 | 0.694 |
Ever-smokers | 150 | 4.31±0.50** | 24 | 7.21±2.73** | 126 | 3.75±0.29** | 45 | 1.42±0.23 | ||||
Medical exposure† | ||||||||||||
Never-CT | 223 | 4.02±0.39** | 0.059 | 39 | 6.69±1.83**# | 0.183 | 184 | 3.46±0.26** | 0.226 | 89 | 1.06±0.12 | <0.001 |
Ever-CT | 74 | 4.52±0.50* | 17 | 7.47±1.58**# | 57 | 3.61±0.37* | 31 | 2.13±0.29 | ||||
Duration of works (years)‡ | ||||||||||||
0–10 | 94 | 4.09±0.39 | 0.909 | 26 | 4.04±0.69 | 0.063 | 68 | 4.10±0.47 | 0.221 | |||
11–20 | 124 | 4.32±0.64 | 15 | 11.73±4.42# | 109 | 3.30±0.32 | ||||||
>20 | 76 | 4.00±0.46 | 14 | 7.00±1.87# | 62 | 3.24±0.32 |
(B) Chromosome 1, 2 and 4 translocations | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole-HR | CBC-HR | TLD-HR | Controls | |||||||||
n | 1, 2, 4-translocations | p Value | n | 1, 2, 4-translocations | p Value | n | 1, 2, 4-translocations | p Value | n | 1, 2, 4-translocations | p Value | |
Total† | 297 | 8.34±0.45** | 56 | 10.36±1.74** | 241 | 7.87±0.38** | 120 | 2.61±0.19 | ||||
Age (year)† | ||||||||||||
<40 | 115 | 5.70±0.46** | <0.001 | 29 | 6.28±1.43** | <0.001 | 86 | 5.50±0.38** | <0.001 | 84 | 2.25±0.18 | 0.016 |
≥40 | 182 | 10.01±0.65** | 27 | 14.74±3.08** | 155 | 9.18±0.52** | 36 | 3.44±0.42 | ||||
Gender† | ||||||||||||
Female | 4 | 5.00±2.38 | 0.181 | 4 | 5.00±2.38 | 0.206 | 0 | – | – | 43 | 1.91±0.27 | 0.003 |
Male | 293 | 8.38±0.46** | 52 | 10.77±1.86** | 241 | 7.87±0.38** | 77 | 3.00±0.24 | ||||
Smoking habits† | ||||||||||||
Never-smokers | 147 | 8.90±0.66** | 0.294 | 32 | 11.72±2.06** | 0.120 | 115 | 8.11±0.60** | 0.767 | 75 | 2.27±0.22 | 0.014 |
Ever-smokers | 150 | 7.79±0.62** | 24 | 8.54±3.01* | 126 | 7.64±0.47** | 45 | 3.18±0.33 | ||||
Medical exposure† | ||||||||||||
Never-CT | 223 | 8.06±0.50** | 0.415 | 39 | 8.97±2.11** | 0.013 | 184 | 7.83±0.42** | 0.736 | 89 | 2.11±0.16 | <0.001 |
Ever-CT | 74 | 9.18±1.00** | 17 | 13.53±3.04**# | 57 | 7.98±0.86* | 31 | 4.03±0.48 | ||||
Duration of radiation works (year)‡ | ||||||||||||
0–10 | 94 | 5.80±0.45 | <0.001 | 26 | 5.38±0.76 | 0.018 | 68 | 5.96±0.54 | <0.001 | |||
11–20 | 124 | 8.27±0.76 | 15 | 14.47±5.05 | 109 | 7.42±0.48 | ||||||
>20 | 76 | 11.78±1.01 | 14 | 15.86±3.48 | 62 | 10.87±0.94 |
†Mann-Whitney U-test.
‡ANOVA test with Tukey's multiple comparison.
*p<0.05, **p<0.001 when compared with the respective control group with Mann-Whitney U-test.
#p<0.05, ##p<0.001 when compared with the TLD-HR group with Mann-Whitney U-test.
ANOVA, analysis of variance; CBC-HR, complete blood cell count-high risk; TLD-HR, thermoluminescent dosimeter-high risk.