(A) Association between respirable dust (measured and calculated) exposure and CpG sites methylation in F2RL3 in welders and (B) linear regression analysis of working years as welder and F2RL3 methylation
| Panel A | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Measured respirable dust (N=53) | Calculated respirable dust (N=99) | ||||||
| Unadjusted analysis* | Full model† | Unadjusted analysis* | Full model‡ | |||||
| β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | |
| CpG_2 | −0.51 (−0.85 to −0.16) | 0.0045 | −0.49 (−0.88 to −0.10) | 0.014 | −0.44 (−0.85 to −0.036) | 0.033 | −0.38 (−0.79 to 0.025) | 0.065 |
| CpG_3 | −0.12 (−0.31 to 0.076) | 0.23 | −0.059 (−0.28 to 0.16) | 0.59 | −0.19 (−0.39 to 0.0057) | 0.057 | −0.17 (−0.38 to 0.039) | 0.11 |
| CpG_4 | −1.4 (−2.0 to −0.80) | <0.001 | −1.1 (−1.7 to −0.46) | 0.0011 | −1.0 (−1.7 to −0.35) | 0.0032 | −0.71 (−1.4 to −0.062) | 0.032 |
| CpG_5 | −0.64 (−1.1 to −0.15) | 0.012 | −0.64 (−1.2 to −0.069) | 0.029 | −0.25 (−0.81 to 0.32) | 0.39 | −0.089 (−0.66 to 0.48) | 0.76 |
| Panel B: Working years as welder (N=100) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Unadjusted analysis* | Adjusted analysis§ | Full model¶ | |||
| β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | |
| CpG_2 | −0.027 (−0.091 to 0.037) | 0.41 | −0.019 (−0.082 to 0.044) | 0.56 | −0.011 (−0.075 to 0.053) | 0.73 |
| CpG_3 | −0.020 (−0.051 to 0.011) | 0.20 | −0.020 (−0.051 to 0.011) | 0.21 | −0.018 (−0.051 to 0.015) | 0.28 |
| CpG_4 | −0.13 (−0.23 to −0.021) | 0.019 | −0.11 (−0.21 to −0.0058) | 0.039 | −0.089 (−0.19 to 0.016) | 0.096 |
| CpG_5 | −0.049 (−0.14 to 0.037) | 0.26 | −0.047 (−0.13 to 0.041) | 0.29 | −0.033 (−0.12 to 0.055) | 0.46 |
The β values are derived from linear regression models.
*Unadjusted analyses: F2RL3 methylation=intercept + β (respirable dust/calculated respirable dust/years working as welder).
†Full model: intercept + β (respirable dust) + β1 (age) + β2 (previous smoking) + β3 (passive smoking) + β4 (education) + β5 (current residence) + β6 (respirator use).
‡Full model: intercept + β (calculated respirable dust) + β1 (age) + β2 (previous smoking) + β3 (passive smoking) + β4 (education) + β5 (current residence). For the calculated respirable dust, use of a respirator was included in the calculation as described in the Materials and methods section.
§Adjusted analysis: intercept + β (years working as welder) + β1 (previous smoking).
¶Full model: intercept + β (years working as welder) + β1 (previous smoking) + β2 (passive smoking) + β3 (education) + β4 (current residence) + β5 (respirator use).