Sensitivity analyses: The top panel shows the HRs using Cox proportional hazards models without frailty term, not adjusted for experience on the job. The bottom panel shows the HRs using incident rather than prevalent disease as the exposure
| Prevalent disease | HR | 95% CI | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heart disease | 1.23 | 1.14 to 1.33 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 0.98 | 0.94 to 1.03 | 0.444 |
| Diabetes | 1.19 | 1.12 to 1.27 | <.001 |
| Depression | 1.31 | 1.21 to 1.41 | <.001 |
| Asthma | 1.14 | 1.04 to 1.24 | 0.003 |
| Cox proportional hazards model. Results when all prevalent cases were included are unchanged from the main analysis | |||
| Incident disease | HR | 95% CI | p Value |
| Heart disease (n=80 881 jobs) | 1.34 | 1.17 to 1.52 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (n=74 613 jobs) | 0.98 | 0.92 to 1.06 | 0.667 |
| Diabetes (n=79 896 jobs) | 1.18 | 1.06 to 1.31 | 0.003 |
| Depression (n=81 049 jobs) | 1.28 | 1.12 to 1.47 | <0.001 |
| Asthma (n=81 107 jobs) | 1.24 | 1.08 to 1.44 | 0.003 |
| Here any employee-job with a disease diagnosis before the start of the job was excluded from analysis separately for each disease. All models are adjusted for calendar year, experience on the job, gender, ethnicity, whether the job was the first at the company, employee's age at the start of the job, whether the plant was a smelter, whether the plant was a union plant, whether the plant was an original company plant, and a frailty term at the employee level | |||
| Prevalent disease | HR | 95% CI | p Value |
| Heart disease | 1.21 | 1.10 to 1.34 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 0.95 | 0.90 to 1.01 | 0.077 |
| Diabetes | 1.17 | 1.08 to 1.26 | <0.001 |
| Depression | 1.25 | 1.13 to 1.38 | <0.001 |
| Asthma | 1.12 | 1.01 to 1.26 | 0.040 |
Model incorporating variables for presence of all five disease states in the same model.
All models are adjusted for calendar year, experience on the job, gender, ethnicity, whether the job was the first at the company, employee's age at the start of the job, whether the plant was a smelter, whether the plant was a union plant, whether the plant was an original company plant, and a frailty term at the employee level.