Table 3

Risk of bladder cancer by duration of employment for occupations and industries with significant duration trends, New England, 2001–2004* †

		Duration (years)	Cases (n)^‡	Cont (n)^‡	OR	95% CI	p Value (trend test)
Occupation, men
A priori high-risk occupations
SOC 141	Accountants, auditors and other financial specialists	<5	7	13	0.6	0.2 to 1.5
		5–<15	6	17	0.5	0.2 to 1.4
		15+	9	21	0.5	0.2 to 1.1	0.045
SOC 464	Information clerks	<5	8	8	1.5	0.5 to 4.2
		≥5	5	1	14.5	1.6 to 129	0.011
SOC 61	Mechanics and repairers	<5	60	65	1.1	0.8 to 1.6
		5–<15	65	71	1.1	0.8 to 1.6
		15+	92	76	1.7	1.2 to 2.4	0.0030
SOC 611	Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers	<5	41	41	1.4	0.9 to 2.2
		5–<15	38	37	1.2	0.7 to 2.0
		≥15	40	32	2.1	1.3 to 3.5	0.0023
SOC 6111	Automobile mechanics	<5	25	22	1.4	0.7 to 2.5
		5–<15	17	12	1.6	0.7 to 3.4
		≥15	17	12	2.1	0.98 to 4.6	0.030
SOC 645	Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters	<5	11	10	1.0	0.4 to 2.5
		5–<15	8	10	1.2	0.4 to 2.7
		15+	14	5	3.3	1.1 to 9.6	0.032
SOC 681–2	Precision metalworkers	<5	14	11	1.9	0.8 to 4.3
		5–<10	19	12	2.4	1.1 to 5.1
		10+	20	14	2.2	0.98 to 4.6	0.0065
SOC 75	Machine operators and tenders (metal and plastic)	<5	33	29	1.6	0.95 to 2.8
		5–<10	10	12	0.8	0.3 to 2.0
		10+	15	9	2.8	1.2 to 6.6	0.023
SOC 751–2	Metalworking/plasticworking machine operators/tenders	<5	26	22	1.5	0.8 to 2.7
		5–<10	8	6	1.4	0.4 to 4.1
		10+	13	7	2.4	0.9 to 6.3	0.047
SOC 765	Textile/apparel/furnishing machine operators/tenders	<5	24	18	1.6	0.8 to 3.1
		5–<10	9	9	1.2	0.4 to 3.1
		10+	13	2	10.3	2.2 to 48	0.0013
A posteriori high-and low-risk occupations
SOC 1712	Computer systems analysts	<10	5	2	2.7	0.5 to 15
		10+	8	2	6.3	1.2 to 33	0.021
Occupation, women
A priori high-risk occupations
SOC 523	Health service occupations	<5	14	19	1.6	0.7 to 3.5
		5–<10	14	10	3.0	1.2 to 7.3
		10+	10	7	4.4	1.5 to 12	0.0013
SOC 524	Cleaning and building service occupations, except private household	<5	12	9	3.0	1.2 to 7.9
		5+	16	10	4.4	1.7 to 11	0.0010
A posteriori high- and low-risk occupations
SOC 14	Management-related occupations	<10	10	16	1.6	0.7 to 3.9
		10+	10	4	7.1	2.0 to 25	0.0018
SOC 479	Miscellaneous administrative support occupations, including clerical	<5	11	27	0.5	0.2 to 1.2
		5–<15	5	11	0.4	0.1 to 1.4
		15+	1	8	0.2	0.02 to 1.6	0.043
SOC 52	Service occupations, except private household and protective	<5	55	74	1.4	0.9 to 2.3
		5–<15	40	42	1.7	1.01 to 2.9
		15+	30	36	1.9	1.06 to 3.5	0.031
Industry, men
SIC 078	Landscape and horticultural services	<5	9	9	1.8	0.7 to 4.7
		5+	16	5	3.3	1.1 to 9.6	0.023
SIC 6531	Real estate agents and managers	<5	6	13	0.5	0.2 to 1.4
		5–<10	6	5	1.4	0.4 to 4.9
		10+	4	16	0.2	0.1 to 0.7	0.011
SIC 805	Nursing and personal care facilities	<5	4	4	1.4	0.3 to 6.0
		5+	0	11	–	–	0.037
Industry, women
SIC 367	Electronic components and accessories industry	<5	11	9	1.6	0.6 to 4.3
		5+	14	6	3.3	1.1 to 9.9	0.028
SIC 37	Transportation equipment industry	<5	7	0	–	–
		5+	5	3	5.2	0.98 to 28	0.023
SIC 822	Colleges, universities, professional school, junior college	5	11	20	0.8	0.3 to 1.8
		5–<15	5	7	0.7	0.2 to 2.5
		15+	0	19	–	–	0.0079
SIC 8221	Colleges and universities	5	11	18	0.9	0.4 to 2.2
		5–<15	5	9	0.5	0.1 to 1.7
		15+	0	16	–	–	0.012

↵* Table includes only SOC and SIC codes with a significant association in table 1 or table 2 and a significant trend in risk with duration of employment. Plumbers (SOC 645) are included despite the lack of statistical significance in table 1 because this is an a priori high-risk occupation with a significant trend in risk with duration of employment.
↵† Adjusted for age (<55, 55–64, 65–74, 75+ years), race (white only, Native American/white, other races), Hispanic ethnicity (yes/no), state (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont), smoking status (never, occasional (<100 cigarettes over lifetime), former, current) and employment in high-risk occupations other than the one being analysed (ever/never).
↵‡ Number of men or women employed in each occupation or industry for the specified duration.
Cont, Controls; SIC, Standard Industrial Classification; SOC, Standard Occupational Classification.