Population | Mortality rates per 100 000 | NO2 | PM10 | |||||||
Pre–post difference optimistic scenario (NO2) | Pre–post difference pessimistic scenario (NO2) | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years optimistic scenario | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years pessimistic scenario | Pre–post difference optimistic scenario (PM10) | Pre–post difference pessimistic scenario (PM10) | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years optimistic scenario | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years pessimistic scenario | |||
By circular zone | ||||||||||
Outside main ring | 98 896 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Main ring | 235 964 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Green strip | 495 713 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Railway ring | 225 839 | 924 | −2.50 | −1.85 | 3117 | 2300 | −0.41 | −0.34 | 506 | 420 |
Traffic limited zone | 21 048 | 924 | −3.13 | −2.32 | 3362 | 2483 | −0.53 | −0.44 | 563 | 467 |
By SEP | ||||||||||
1 (high) | 218 584 | 854 | −0.96 | −0.71 | 1097 | 810 | −0.16 | −0.13 | 153 | 124 |
2 | 250 135 | 933 | −0.77 | −0.57 | 884 | 654 | −0.13 | −0.11 | 197 | 166 |
3 | 237 853 | 901 | −0.54 | −0.40 | 630 | 466 | −0.09 | −0.08 | 138 | 123 |
4 | 202 108 | 896 | −0.37 | −0.28 | 421 | 319 | −0.07 | −0.06 | 105 | 90 |
5 (low) | 168 780 | 1029 | −0.17 | −0.12 | 195 | 138 | −0.03 | −0.02 | 56 | 38 |
Total | 1 077 460 | 924 | −0.59 | −0.43 | 686 | 500 | −0.10 | −0.08 | 116 | 93 |
Baseline mortality rates standardised for age using the total Rome population of 2005. Pre–post differences of 2005 based on population-weighted average concentrations of address data of 1 077 460 subjects. We have assumed that the difference results in a reduction in hazards for the years 2005 till 2019 (15 years) based on the CRF of 1.06 per 10 μg/m3 in NO2 or PM10 when considering the entire city or the circular zone and SEP-specific CRFs when considering SEP (PM10 only). These CRFs were applied for people aged ≥30 years. By SEP and NO2: CRF=1.06. By SEP and PM10: CRF of 1.05 for the highest SEP group, 1.08 for the three middle groups, and a CRF of 1.10 for the lowest group. HTR: >10 000 vehicles circulating per day.
CRF, concentration–response function; HTR, high-traffic road; SEP, socioeconomic position; YLG, years of life gained.