Table 4

Effect sizes according to the exposure category of the exposed group in measures having significant heterogeneous effect sizes^†

Test	Exposure setting	Cohorts included (listed in table 2)	N	Effect size	95% CI	Homogeneity by group (p value)^‡	Homogeneity between groups (p value)^§
Benton Visual Retention Test	Farmworkers	3, 4, 9	253	−0.72**	−0.99 to −0.45	0.03	0.9
Benton Visual Retention Test	Applicators	1, 2, 5, 19	361	−0.70**	−0.92 to −0.48	0.01	0.9
Digit Span, forward	Farmworkers	3, 4, 8, 9, 12, 16–18, 20	1087	−0.45**	−0.58 to −0.31	0.01	0.6
Digit Span, forward	Applicators	1, 2, 5, 10, 19	460	−0.39**	−0.58 to −0.20	0.01	0.6
Finger Tapping, non-preferred hand	Farmworkers	8, 12, 13, 16–18, 20	866	−0.17*	−0.33 to −0.02	0.01	0.7
Finger Tapping, non-preferred hand	Applicators	6, 7, 14	188	−0.11	−0.40 to 0.19	0.34	0.7
Reaction Time, latency	Farmworkers	3, 4, 8, 16–18, 20, 21	935	−0.32**	−0.45 to −0.19	0.03	0.5
Reaction Time, latency	Applicators	5, 10, 15	340	−0.23*	−0.45 to −0.01	0.04	0.5
Digit Symbol	Farmworkers	3, 4, 9, 11	660	−0.53**	−0.69 to −0.38	0.16	0.002
Digit Symbol	Applicators	5, 10, 19	360	−0.14	−0.34 to 0.06	0.52	0.002
Pursuit Aiming, correct dots	Farmworkers	3, 4, 11	603	−0.62**	−0.79 to −0.46	0.02	0.07
Pursuit Aiming, correct dots	Applicators	5	195	−0.31*			0.07
Trail Making A, latency	Farmworkers	4, 9	202	−0.75**	−1.05 to −0.45	0.23	0.03
Trail Making A, latency	Applicators	1, 2, 5, 10, 19	460	−0.36**	−0.55 to −0.17	0.001	0.03
Trail Making B, latency	Farmworkers	4, 9, 13	234	−0.67**	−0.95 to −0.40	0.87	0.2
Trail Making B, latency	Applicators	1, 2, 5, 10, 19	460	−0.46**	−0.66 to −0.27	0.002	0.2
Block Design, scaled score	Farmworkers	4, 9	202	−0.54**	−0.84 to −0.25	0.24	0.4
Block Design, scaled score	Applicators	1, 2, 5, 19	361	−0.70**	−0.92 to −0.48	0.005	0.4

*p<0.05; **p<0.001.
↵† Heterogeneous effect sizes are effect sizes with p<0.05 (last column, table 3), which means that there is a great variation in the individual effects sizes share in calculating the mean effect sizes of table 3. Here in table 4 the significant heterogeneous effect sizes are discussed.
↵‡ Homogeneity by group is testing the homogeneity of the mean effect size for the two groups farmworkers and applicators.
↵§ Homogeneity between group is testing if there is a significant difference between the effect sizes of applicators and farmworkers or not.