Type | Category | Source | Barriers | Nursing homes | Hospitals | |
Individual | Motivation | N | Actual behaviour to use lifting devices | Attention through intention | 8% | 36% |
Changed behaviour | 29% | 36% | ||||
Maintenance of behaviour | 63% | 27% | ||||
N | Actual behaviour to use other ergonomic devices | Attention through intention | 17% | 45% | ||
Changed behaviour | 31% | 29% | ||||
Maintenance of behaviour | 52% | 24% | ||||
Ability | N | Low work experience | 48% | 51% | ||
N | Lack of knowledge of workplace guidelines | 2% | 7% | |||
Organisational | Convenience and easily accessible | R | Unfavourable ratio of lifting devices per patient | 44% | 67% | |
R | Unfavourable ratio of slide sheets per patient | 62% | 40% | |||
R | Unfavourable ratio of adjustable shower chairs per patient | 21% | 70% | |||
R | Lifting devices not close to bed | 89% | 93% | |||
R | Other ergonomic devices not close to bed | 13% | 38% | |||
R | Bathroom not attached to patient's room | 39% | 35% | |||
Management support | M | Management spending little money to maintain ergonomic devices | 10% | 53% | ||
M | Management not reserving any money for activities or supplies to reduce physical load | 40% | 51% | |||
M | Nurses not trained in use of ergonomic devices each year | 14% | 20% | |||
Supportive management climate | T | No regular checking of amount of ergonomic devices in proportion to mobility of patients | 5% | 22% | ||
T | No policy on maintenance of ergonomic devices | 6% | 18% | |||
T | Physical load not a regular topic in team meetings | 27% | 65% | |||
Interactivity | E | Little time spending on peer leader activities per week | 59% | 68% | ||
R | Absence of patient specific protocols with strict guidelines for ergonomic device use | 35% | 96% |
E: self-administered questionnaire of ergocoach; M: self-administered questionnaire of manager; N: structured interview of nurses; R: checklist filled out by researcher; T: self-administered questionnaire of team leader.