Odds ratios (95% CIs) of self-reported cardiovascular diseases by tertiles of accumulated noise exposure time*
| Current exposed (0–18.8 years) | Tertiles of accumulated exposure time | p For trend† | |||
| Short (0–0.3 years) | Medium (0.4–1.5 years) | Long (1.6–18.8 years) | |||
| Angina pectoris | |||||
| No. of cases‡ | 21 | 4 | 7 | 10 | – |
| Model 1 | 1.84 (0.96–3.53) | 1.22 (0.42–3.55) | 1.33 (0.48–3.66) | 3.01 (1.37–6.61) | 0.025 |
| Model 2 | 2.20 (1.27–3.80) | 1.84 (0.64–5.35) | 1.59 (0.59–4.26) | 2.92 (1.41–6.06) | 0.006 |
| Model 3 | 2.06 (1.14–3.73) | 1.49 (0.43–5.10) | 1.38 (0.50–3.78) | 2.91 (1.35–6.26) | 0.014 |
| Myocardial infarction | |||||
| No. of cases‡ | 24 | 5 | 7 | 12 | – |
| Model 1 | 1.81 (0.96–3.43) | 1.39 (0.42–4.60) | 1.16 (0.46–2.93) | 2.92 (1.40–6.09) | 0.017 |
| Model 2 | 1.49 (0.81–2.75) | 1.67 (0.46–6.06) | 0.99 (0.39–2.49) | 1.76 (0.89–3.50) | 0.154 |
| Model 3 | 1.29 (0.65–2.58) | 1.04 (0.24–4.55) | 1.02 (0.37–2.83) | 1.59 (0.73–3.49) | 0.309 |
| Self-reported coronary heart disease | |||||
| No. of cases‡ | 18 | 5 | 3 | 10 | – |
| Model 1 | 1.17 (0.68–2.00) | 1.14 (0.38–3.46) | 0.75 (0.20–2.91) | 1.62 (0.73–3.55) | 0.447 |
| Model 2 | 1.04 (0.63–1.71) | 1.56 (0.47–5.18) | 0.73 (0.20–2.66) | 1.00 (0.45–2.23) | 0.864 |
| Model 3 | 0.88 (0.53–1.46) | 1.06 (0.25–4.39) | 0.75 (0.22–2.56) | 0.89 (0.36–2.21) | 0.670 |
| Coronary heart disease§ | |||||
| No. of cases‡ | 45 | 9 | 12 | 24 | – |
| Model 1 | 1.75 (1.15–2.65) | 1.17 (0.49–2.79) | 1.20 (0.56–2.57) | 2.95 (1.74–4.98) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.70 (1.10–2.62) | 1.61 (0.61–4.29) | 1.21 (0.56–2.60) | 2.11 (1.25–3.55) | 0.009 |
| Model 3 | 1.51 (0.96–2.39) | 1.09 (0.37–3.19) | 1.10 (0.51–2.38) | 2.04 (1.16–3.58) | 0.024 |
| Cardiovascular disease¶ | |||||
| No. of cases‡ | 291 | 83 | 81 | 127 | – |
| Model 1 | 1.06 (0.88–1.28) | 0.92 (0.67–1.26) | 0.87 (0.60–1.28) | 1.43 (1.13–1.80) | 0.106 |
| Model 2 | 1.17 (0.95–1.45) | 1.34 (0.97–1.86) | 0.99 (0.64–1.53) | 1.21 (0.93–1.57) | 0.227 |
| Model 3 | 1.18 (0.92–1.51) | 1.28 (0.88–1.84) | 1.04 (0.66–1.64) | 1.20 (0.89–1.63) | 0.291 |
↵* The never exposed group was the reference category; see table 1 for sample size in each column. Model 1 was bivariable analysis; model 2 adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, educational level, physical activity, cigarette smoking and diabetes; model 3 additionally adjusted for annual family income, pack-years of cigarette smoking, passive smoking in the workplace or at home, alcohol drinking, waist circumference and total cholesterol.
↵† p Is for linear trend across tertile groups.
↵‡ For model 1 and model 2. The number of cases in model 3 is smaller due to missing data.
↵§ Includes self-reported angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease.
↵¶ Includes coronary heart disease, self-reported hypertension, stroke and congestive heart failure.