Odds of 2001–2004 hospital admissions occurring in 2003–2004 for wards within the charging zone relative to wards outside the zone (a) unadjusted and (b) adjusted for change in NOx
| Diagnostic group | (a) Unadjusted | (b) Adjusted for Δ NOx | ||
| OR* | 95% CI | OR* | 95% CI | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.98 | 0.94 to 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.94 to 1.03 |
| IHD | 0.95 | 0.89 to 1.02 | 0.94 | 0.87 to 1.01 |
| Stroke | 0.99 | 0.89 to 1.10 | 0.98 | 0.88 to 1.10 |
| Heart failure | 0.93 | 0.83 to 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.86 to 1.10 |
| Respiratory disease | 1.01 | 0.97 to 1.05 | 1.03 | 0.99 to 1.07 |
| COPD | 1.00 | 0.92 to 1.10 | 1.02 | 0.94 to 1.12 |
| Asthma | 0.93 | 0.84 to 1.03 | 0.92 | 0.82 to 1.02 |
| Bronchiolitis | 0.80 | 0.65 to 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.68 to 1.05 |
↵* Estimates in both (a) and (b) are adjusted for potential confounders: IMD in 2001, change in proportion of residents living in income deprivation between 2001 and 2005, change in population aged 65 years or older between 2001 and 2004,% non-white, % black (black Caribbean, black African, black other), % Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Asian other) and % Chinese residents.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; NOx, oxides of nitrogen.