Characteristics | Income level | |||||||||
Low (n = 155) | Average (n = 897) | High (n = 615) | ||||||||
Mean | SE | n (%) | Mean | SE | n (%) | Mean | SE | n (%) | p Value* | |
Age (years) | 43.3 | 0.66 | 42.8 | 0.27 | 46.4 | 0.32 | <0.001 | |||
Non-work factors | ||||||||||
Marital status | 0.733 | |||||||||
Married/co-habiting | 126 (81.4) | 705 (78.5) | 507 (82.5) | |||||||
Single/divorced/widowed | 29 (18.6) | 192 (21.5) | 108 (17.5) | |||||||
Disadvantaged housing conditions | 0.43 | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.02 | <0.001 | |||
Lack of social support outside work | 14.37 | 0.21 | 13.57 | 0.10 | 13.59 | 0.12 | 0.001 | |||
Victim of violence | 0.729 | |||||||||
No | 140 (92.6) | 825 (93.0) | 559 (91.8) | |||||||
Yes | 11 (7.4) | 62 (7.0) | 50 (8.2) | |||||||
Smoking | 0.033 | |||||||||
No | 102 (65.9) | 630 (70.1) | 464 (75.4) | |||||||
Yes | 53 (34.1) | 267 (29.9) | 151 (24.6) | |||||||
Abnormal somatic health status | 0.248 | |||||||||
No | 57 (36.7) | 424 (47.2) | 257 (41.7) | |||||||
Yes | 97 (63.3) | 470 (52.8) | 357 (58.3) | |||||||
Number of physical symptoms | 0.050 | |||||||||
0 | 16 (10.3) | 142 (16.0) | 91 (15.0) | |||||||
1–2 | 67 (43.6) | 412 (46.4) | 285 (46.7) | |||||||
3 or more | 72 (46.2) | 333 (37.7) | 234 (38.3) | |||||||
Work factors | ||||||||||
Job demands | 3.19 | 0.07 | 3.16 | 0.03 | 3.17 | 0.04 | 0.848 | |||
Lack of job control | 2.21 | 0.05 | 2.29 | 0.02 | 2.06 | 0.03 | 0.015 | |||
Lack of social support at work | 2.28 | 0.09 | 2.07 | 0.03 | 2.14 | 0.04 | 0.182 | |||
Lack of educational prospects at work | 2.98 | 0.09 | 2.67 | 0.04 | 2.42 | 0.04 | <0.001 | |||
Job insecurity | 1.64 | 0.06 | 1.68 | 0.03 | 1.57 | 0.03 | 0.276 |
*p Value for difference (χ2 test and ANOVA) between lowest and highest income categories. SE, standard error.