ICD10 codes used to classify cases of learning difficulties
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F80, F80.0, F80.1, F80.9 | Specific developmental disorders of speech and language, specific speech articulation disorder, expressive language disorder, and developmental disorder of speech and language unspecified |
F81, F81.0, F81.1, F81.2, F81.3, F81.8, F81.9 | Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills, specific reading disorder, specific spelling disorder, specific disorder of arithmetical skills, mixed disorder of scholastic skills, other developmental disorders of scholastic skills, and developmental disorder of scholastic skills, unspecified |
F82, F83 | Specific developmental disorder of motor function and mixed specific developmental disorders |
R48, R48.0 | Dyslexia and other symbolic dysfunctions, not elsewhere classified and dyslexia and alexia |
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ICD10 codes for conditions which excluded individuals from the analysis
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F70–F79, F99, F89.0–89.9 | Mental retardation |
C71, C72.8, C72.9 D33, S09, V89 | Brain tumour, if diagnosed under the age of 16 (astrocytoma, benign brain tumours, etc) and accidental brain damage |
E70 | Phenylketonuria |
F84, F07.3, F90, F90.9, F99 | Behavioural disorders, including autism and hyperkinetic disorders |
G00–G03, A87, A39.9, A86.0, G04.8, G04.9 | Meningitis, meningococcal infection, unspecified viral encephalitis and encephalitis |
G40, G41 | Epilepsy |
G80, G81.1, G93.7 | Cerebral palsy and possibly spastic diplegia, flaccid hemiplegia, Reye’s syndrome |
H54 | Blindness |
H90, H91 H65, H66.9, H70, H71, H72, H74, H93, Q16.1 | Deafness and hearing disorders, including glue ear (chronic otitis media) and congenital malformation of ear affecting hearing |
P10, P11.1, P11.2, Q04, Q06.2, Q06.9, Q07.0, Q07.8 | Brain haemorrhage, brain damage (perinatal) and congenital malformations affecting the brain and nervous system |
P21, P02.5 | Birth asphyxia and anoxia |
Q02, Q03, Q05, Q75.3, Q87.0, Q87.1, Q90–Q99 | Microcephaly, hydrocephaly, spina bifida, macrocephaly, Pierre-Robin syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, chromosomal syndromes (e.g. Turner, Down’s, Klinefelter’s) |