Mean effects (95% CI)* of PM2.5 exposure on baseline to 6 hours post-baseline changes in levels of systemic inflammatory markers
| Crude model | Adjusted model† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-reactive protein, mg/l | 0.08 | (−0.05 to 0.22) | 0.06 | (−0.07 to 0.20) |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dl | −7 | (−18 to 3) | −7 | (−19 to 4) |
| White blood cells, ×103/μl | 0.2 | (−0.1 to 0.5) | 0.2 | (−0.1 to 0.5) |
| Absolute neutrophils, ×103/μl | 0.1 | (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0.2 | (−0.1 to 0.4) |
| Relative neutrophils, % | 0.3 | (−1 to 2) | 0.2 | (−2 to 2) |
| Adjusted model† with interaction term for smoking status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-smokers | Smokers | |||
| *The coefficient is expressed as the change in the systemic inflammatory marker per 1 mg/m3 incremental change in PM2.5 concentration. | ||||
| †Models adjusted for centred age and smoking status. | ||||
| ‡p<0.05; §p<0.10. | ||||
| C-reactive protein, mg/l | 0.14 | (−0.03 to 0.31) | −0.06 | (−0.28 to 0.17) |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dl | −10 | (−24 to 5) | −3 | (−22 to 16) |
| White blood cells, ×103/μl | 0.3§ | (−0.05 to 0.7) | 0.1 | (−0.4 to 0.5) |
| Absolute neutrophils, ×103/μl | 0.3‡ | (0.02 to 0.6) | −0.1 | (−0.5 to 0.3) |
| Relative neutrophils, % | 1 | (−1 to 4) | −2 | (−5 to 1) |