CVD risk factors | WBC count (cells ×106/l)* | Adjusted regression coefficients*† |
---|---|---|
*All the differences in average WBC counts across categories of each risk factor were statistically significant (p<0.05). All regression coefficients obtained from multiple regression were expressed as the difference in average levels of haematological markers between the reference and the indicated categories. | ||
†Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, registration type, exercise frequency, alcohol drinking, body mass index, monthly driving duration, and all the other CVD risk factors in the table. | ||
‡p<0.01. | ||
§p<0.05. | ||
Diabetes: fasting sugar >126 mg/dl or physician diagnosed diabetes with subsequent treatment; hypertension: systolic/diastolic blood pressures ⩾140/90 mm Hg or physician diagnosed hypertension with subsequent treatment; total cholesterol: classified as normal (<200 mg/dl), borderline high (200–239 mg/dl), or high (⩾240 mg/dl). | ||
Smoking | ||
Never smokers | 6122 (1360) | Reference |
Ex-smokers | 6469 (1498) | 412 (123 to 700)‡ |
Current smokers | 7259 (1776) | 1204 (999 to 1409)‡ |
Sex | ||
Female | 6132 (1642) | Reference |
Male | 6678 (1654) | 41 (−443 to 525) |
Hypertension | ||
No | 6605 (1637) | Reference |
Yes | 6937 (1734) | 439 (175 to 703)‡ |
Diabetes | ||
No | 6610 (1666) | Reference |
Yes | 6991 (1547) | 346 (65 to 627)§ |
Total cholesterol | ||
Normal | 6475 (1567) | Reference |
Borderline high | 6641 (1683) | 161 (−61 to 384) |
High | 6854 (1693) | 372 (137 to 606)‡ |