Author, year | Country | Type of PAHs sampled | PAH monitoring | PAH analysis technique | Smoking status | 1-OHP analysis | Season of sampling |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
*Carcinogenic PAHs: include benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(ah)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, benzo(ghi)perylene; B(a)P: benzo(a)pyrene. | |||||||
HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; FD, fluorescence detection; GC/MS, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; SFS, synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. | |||||||
NS, non-smokers; All, smokers and non-smokers. | |||||||
n.a., information not available. | |||||||
Zhao, 1992 | China | B(a)P | Personal | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter +summer |
Kanoh, 1993 | Japan | B(a)P | Stationary | n.a. | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter + summer |
Hemminki, 1994 | Sweden | — | — | — | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter |
Ovrebo, 1995 | Poland | B(a)P | Personal | GC/MS | All | HPLC/FD | Winter + summer |
Gundel, 1996 | Germany | B(a)P | Stationary | n.a. | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter + summer |
Cerna, 1997 | Czech Republic | B(a)P | Stationary | n.a. | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter |
Gilbert and Viau, 1997 | Canada | B(a)P | Stationary | n.a. | NS | HPLC/FD | Summer |
Hara, 1997 | Japan | B(a)P | Personal | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Summer |
Vyskocyl, 1997 | Czech Rep | B(a)P | Stationary | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter + summer |
Poirier, 1998 | Germany, Kuwait | B(a)P | Stationary | GC/MS | All | HPLC/SFS | Summer |
Merlo, 1998 | Italy | B(a)P | Personal | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Summer |
Motykiewicz, 1998 | Poland | B(a)P | Stationary | GC | NS | HPLC/FD | Summer |
Chuang, 1999 | USA | B(a)P | Stationary | GC/MS | NS | GC/MS | Winter + summer |
Pastorelli, 1999 | Italy | Pyrene | Personal | HPLC/FD | All | HPLC/FD | Winter + summer |
Siwinska, 1999 | Poland | B(a)P | Stationary | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter |
Saint-Amour, 2000 | Canada | B(a)P | Stationary | GC/MS | NS | GC/MS | Winter |
Bouchard, 2001 | Canada | 10 PAHs | Stationary | GC/MS | NS | GC/MS | Summer |
Staessen, 2001 | Belgium | — | — | — | All | n.a. | Summer |
Ruchiwarat, 2002 | Thailand | Carcinogenic PAHs* | Personal | HPLC/FD | NS | HPLC/FD | Winter |