Occupational codes with nominally statistically significantly raised observed/expected (O/E) ratios in at least one time period (out of a total of 348 occupations)
| Occupations with statistically significant O/E ratios | All CA cases* | Hypospadias cases – observed | Hypospadias cases – expected† | O/E† | 95% CI | Hypospadias cases – expected‡ | O/E‡ | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *CA, congenital anomaly. | ||||||||
| †Adjusted for year of birth, region, maternal age. | ||||||||
| ‡Adjusted for year of birth, region, maternal age, social class mother, social class father. | ||||||||
| 1980–89 | ||||||||
| Management consultants | 3 | 2 | 0.26 | 7.71 | 1.09 to 11.47 | 0.26 | 7.60 | 1.07 to 11.30 |
| Physical and geological scientists and mathematicians | 35 | 8 | 3.20 | 2.50 | 1.14 to 4.39 | 3.01 | 2.66 | 1.21 to 4.67 |
| Tailors, tailoresses, dressmakers | 41 | 10 | 3.93 | 2.54 | 1.29 to 4.21 | 3.96 | 2.53 | 1.28 to 4.18 |
| Hairdressers, barbers | 767 | 70 | 74.89 | 0.93 | 0.74 to 1.17 | 74.49 | 0.94 | 0.74 to 1.17 |
| Vocational and industrial trainers | 27 | 5 | 2.62 | 1.91 | 0.65 to 3.92 | 2.48 | 2.02 | 0.69 to 4.15 |
| 1992–96 | ||||||||
| Management consultants | 5 | 2 | 0.48 | 4.18 | 0.55 to 8.92 | 0.57 | 3.50 | 0.46 to 7.46 |
| Physical and geological scientists and mathematicians | 21 | 1 | 1.92 | 0.52 | 0.01 to 2.60 | 2.01 | 0.50 | 0.01 to 2.49 |
| Tailors, tailoresses, dressmakers | 4 | 1 | 0.34 | 2.95 | 0.07 to 9.50 | 0.42 | 2.40 | 0.06 to 7.73 |
| Hairdressers, barbers | 184 | 28 | 18.70 | 1.50 | 1.02 to 2.09 | 23.78 | 1.18 | 0.80 to 1.64 |
| Vocational and industrial trainers | 20 | 5 | 2.11 | 2.37 | 0.82 to 4.65 | 2.10 | 2.38 | 0.82 to 4.67 |
| All years | ||||||||
| Management consultants | 8 | 4 | 0.71 | 5.66 | 1.78 to 9.55 | 0.74 | 5.40 | 1.70 to 9.10 |
| Physical and geological scientists and mathematicians | 56 | 9 | 5.22 | 1.73 | 0.82 to 3.04 | 5.14 | 1.75 | 0.83 to 3.08 |
| Tailors, tailoresses, dressmakers | 45 | 11 | 4.30 | 2.56 | 1.35 to 4.14 | 4.60 | 2.39 | 1.26 to 3.87 |
| Hairdressers, barbers | 951 | 98 | 93.60 | 1.05 | 0.86 to 1.26 | 98.86 | 0.99 | 0.81 to 1.19 |
| Vocational and industrial trainers | 47 | 10 | 4.62 | 2.16 | 1.09 to 3.62 | 4.46 | 2.24 | 1.13 to 3.76 |