Smoking habits |
Non-smokers | 2 | 103 | Reference | | |
Smokers, 1–10 cigarettes | 1 | 37 | 1.39 | 0.02 to 27.4 | |
Smokers, 11–20 cigarettes | 23 | 67 | 17.7‡ | 4.10 to 157.0 | 39.87‡ |
Smokers, ⩾21 cigarettes | 12 | 17 | 36.4‡ | 6.90 to 347.0 | |
Age at end of follow up or death |
45–57 years | 11 | 75 | Reference | | |
58–65 years | 17 | 68 | 1.71 | 0.69 to 4.32 | 0.14 |
66–82 years | 10 | 81 | 0.84 | 0.30 to 2.33 | |
VCM cumulative exposure |
⩽392 ppm×years | 16 | 71 | Reference | | |
393–1650 ppm×years | 13 | 74 | 0.78 | 0.32 to 1.87 | 2.35 |
⩾1651 ppm×years | 9 | 79 | 0.51 | 0.18 to 1.31 | |
Circumstances of exposure to PVC dust |
None of the following | 8 | 87 | Reference | | |
PVC compounding | 8 | 49 | 1.78 | 0.54 to 5.78 | |
Baggers (unknown length) | 5 | 55 | 0.99 | 0.24 to 3.63 | |
Baggers (known length) | 17 | 33 | 5.60† | 2.03 to 16.3 | |
PVC compounding |
No | 30 | 175 | Reference | | |
⩽8.0 years | 4 | 23 | 1.10 | 0.24 to 3.28 | 0.64 |
>8.0 years | 4 | 26 | 0.90 | 0.21 to 2.86 | |
Baggers: duration of job |
No | 21 | 191 | Reference | | |
<3.6 years | 6 | 19 | 2.87 | 0.84 to 8.56 | 22.84‡ |
⩾3.6 years | 11 | 14 | 7.15‡ | 2.55 to 19.3 | |
Baggers: calendar year at onset of job |
No | 21 | 191 | Reference | | |
Before 1967 | 10 | 19 | 4.79† | 1.73 to 12.5 | |
Since 1967 onwards | 7 | 14 | 4.55† | 1.38 to 13.6 | |
Baggers: age at onset of job |
No | 21 | 191 | Reference | | |
Until 33 years | 6 | 20 | 2.73 | 0.80 to 8.07 | |
Over 33 years | 11 | 13 | 7.70‡ | 2.72 to 21.1 | |
Baggers: time elapsed from onset of job to end of follow up or death |
No | 21 | 191 | Reference | | |
>20 years (distant exposure) | 12 | 29 | 3.76* | 1.51 to 8.99 | |
⩽20 years (recent exposure) | 5 | 4 | 11.4* | 2.21 to 60.7 | |