Table 3

Arteriosclerotic effects on the retinal artery and the coronary artery

	Non-exposed workers	Ex-CS₂ workers	CS₂ exposed workers	p value
Results expressed as prevalence or incidence, with adjusted odds ratios underneath.
*p<0.05 by χ² test or Fisher’s exact method; p<0.05 compared to the non-exposed group by multiple logistic regression analysis, in which age, body mass index, education level, smoking status, alcohol intake, shift work, coronary prone behaviour pattern, systolic blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol at baseline and exposure variable were included as covariates.
Denominators are different because some of the subjects missed an ECG due to their work schedule or some were excluded from the analysis due to quality of an ophthalmograph (see text for details).
Retinal microaneurysm
Prevalence (baseline)	16/277 (5.8%)	15/108 (11.1%)	28/240 (11.7%)	0.04**
	1.0	2.1 (0.9–4.9)	2.2 (1.1–4.3)*
Prevalence (follow up)	17/270 (6.3%)	7/79 (8.9%)	31/226 (13.7%)	0.02**
	1.0	1.7 (0.6–4.3)	2.7 (1.4–5.4)*
Incidence over 6 years	11/219 (5.0%)	3/60 (5.0%)	17/184 (9.2%)	0.20
	1.0	1.4 (0.3–4.9)	2.3 (1.0–5.4)
Coronary artery
Ischaemic signs (defined as Minnesota codes I, IV_1–3, V_1–3 or receiving treatment for ischaemia)
Prevalence (baseline)	15/344 (4.4%)	1/130 (0.8%)	3/258 (1.2%)	0.02**
	–	–	–
Prevalence (follow up)	27/343 (7.9%)	7/130 (5.4%)	32/257 (12.5%)	0.04**
	1.0	0.7 (0.3–1.7)	1.7 (0.9–3.1)
Incidence over 6 years	21/329 (6.4%)	6/129 (4.7%)	30/254 (11.8%)	0.02**
	1.0	0.7 (0.3–1.9)	2.0 (1.1–3.6)*
Ischaemia (defined as rigorous ECG findings such as ST depression ⩾2 mm or receiving treatment)
Prevalence (baseline)	5/344 (1.5%)	0/130 (0%)	2/258 (0.8%)	0.37
	–	–	–
Prevalence (follow up)	13/343 (3.8%)	4/130 (3.1%)	9/257 (3.5%)	0.93
	1.0	1.1 (0.3–3.8)	1.0 (0.4–2.7)
Incidence over 6 years	12/338 (3.6%)	4/130 (3.1%)	9/255 (3.5%)	0.97
	1.0	1.1 (0.3–4.1)	1.1 (0.4–3.0)