Exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exposure to volcanic ash emissions in children aged 8–12 (odds ratios adjusted for age and sex)
| Children with EIB (10% fall in PEFR after exercise) | Children with EIB (15% fall in PEFR after exercise) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure to moderate or heavy levels of volcanic ash emissions | Number (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Number (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| *One child with EIB excluded due to missing exposure information. | ||||
| Ever exposed (baseline: never exposed to moderate or high ash emissions) | ||||
| No | 5 (11.1) | 1.00 | 1 (2.2) | 1.00 |
| Yes | 13 (15.7) | 1.55 (0.51 to 4.71) | 6 (7.2) | 3.48 (0.41 to 29.93) |
| p=0.439 | p=0.256 | |||
| Currently exposed (baseline: not currently exposed to moderate or high ash emissions) | ||||
| No | 12 (10.3) | 1.00 | 5 (4.3) | 1.00 |
| Yes | 6 (31.6) | 3.85 (1.22 to 12.11) | 2 (10.5) | 2.58 (0.46 to 14.55) |
| p=0.021 | p=0.283 | |||