Table 2

Age adjusted mean levels of effort–rewards ratio at work by levels of sociodemographic, psychosocial, work, and health behaviour characteristics in the Whitehall II study

MenWomen
*Statistically significant at p≤0.05 level; **statistically significant at p≤0.01 level.
Age (years)
    ≥39–<451.06 (0.21)1.00 (0.23)
    ≥45–<501.07 (0.21)0.99 (0.23)
    ≥50–<551.06 (0.21)0.96 (0.24)
    ≥55–<641.05 (0.22)*0.95 (0.25)**
Administrative1.10 (0.18)1.09 (0.19)
Professional1.06 (0.22)1.03 (0.21)
Clerical0.93 (0.26)**0.90 (0.25)**
Home owner1.07 (0.21)0.99 (0.23)
Non-home owner0.97 (0.24)**0.91 (0.25)**
Car owner1.07 (0.21)0.98 (0.23)
Non-car owner1.02 (0.24)**0.96 (0.25)**
Never smoker1.06 (0.21)0.97 (0.24)
Former smoker1.06 (0.21)0.99 (0.23)
Current smoker 1–101.04 (0.20)0.98 (0.24)
Current smoker 11–201.04 (0.25)0.94 (0.25)
Current smoker ≥201.06 (0.20)0.98 (0.26)*
Non-drinker1.03 (0.24)0.95 (0.24)
Below limit1.07 (0.21)0.98 (0.24)
Above limit1.06 (0.21)**1.05 (0.26)**
<1.5 h exercise/wk1.05 (0.24)0.95 (0.25)
≥1.5 h exercise/wk1.07 (0.20)**0.99 (0.23)**
<20 BMI1.04 (0.20)1.01 (0.26)
20–24.991.06 (0.21)0.97 (0.24)
25–29.991.06 (0.22)0.96 (0.24)
≥301.07 (0.24)0.98 (0.25)*
No hypertension1.06 (0.21)0.98 (0.24)
Hypertension1.05 (0.22)0.94 (0.24)*
Low job control1.05 (0.29)0.94 (0.27)
Medium job control1.07 (0.20)1.00 (0.20)
High job control1.06 (0.16)**1.03 (0.16)**
Low job demands0.88 (0.18)0.81 (0.19)
Medium job demands1.06 (0.16)1.03 (0.18)
High job demands1.21 (0.19)**1.20 (0.21)**
Low support at work1.16 (0.24)1.06 (0.27)
Medium support work1.05 (0.18)0.97 (0.20)
High support at work0.97 (0.16)**0.88 (0.18)**
Low intrinsic effort1.00 (0.21)0.91 (0.24)
High intrinsic effort1.10 (0.20)**1.04 (0.22)**