Characteristics of semen providers by current blood lead concentration
| Blood lead concentration (μg/dl) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–10 | 11–25 | 26–40 | >40 | All | |
| *Chlamydia infection, gonorrhoea (but not warts and herpes simplex), orchitis, epididymitis, testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, surgery because of varicocele, torsio testis, testicular cysts (but not hernia and circumcision); †sum of the mean lead concentrations in calender years during all years of employment. | |||||
| Centre: | |||||
| England (n) | 19 | 52 | 73 | 49 | 199 |
| Italy (n) | 39 | 34 | 42 | 25 | 140 |
| Belgium (n) | 90 | 25 | 27 | 16 | 164 |
| All (n) | 148 | 111 | 142 | 90 | 503 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 35.7 (8.9) | 37.8 (8.1) | 39.0 (8.8) | 40.0 (8.5) | |
| Genital disorders* (%) | 13.5 | 5.4 | 7 | 3.3 | |
| Current smokers (%) | 34.5 | 36 | 47.9 | 47.8 | |
| Smoking marihuana past 3 months (%) | 2 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 2.2 | |
| Alcoholic drinks (10 g ethanol/week (mean)) | 17.4 | 21.3 | 30.9 | 37.2 | |
| Current blood lead (μg/dl (mean)) | 4.5 | 18.5 | 32.6 | 48.4 | |
| Years in service (mean) | 8.6 | 11.6 | 13.6 | 13.2 | |
| Total lead dose† during employment (μg/dl (mean)) | 124 | 246 | 439 | 509 | |
| Exposed to radiant heat most of working hours (%) | 0 | 9 | 19 | 16.7 | |
| Working in hot environment (>30°C) most of working hours (%) | 0 | 9.9 | 24.7 | 23.3 | |
| Exposed to metals other than lead (%) | 2 | 56.8 | 59.9 | 67.8 | |