Serum hyaluronate concentrations† (ng/ml) in children relative to asthma or wheeze, study community, and environmental tobacco smoke
| Asthma or wheeze | No symptom | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n | GM | 95% CI | p Value | n | GM | 95% CI | p Value |
| *p<0.05, v children living in Miyazaki; †all values are geometric means (GM) (95% CI), adjusted with the general linear model for sex, school grade, and serum IgE concentration; ‡p value for trend relative to the concentrations of air pollutants in those communities. | ||||||||
| Study community: | ||||||||
| Osaka | 26 | 14.1* | 11.2 to 17.7 | <0.001‡ | 26 | 13.7 | 10.6 to 17.7 | 0.116‡ |
| Kimitsu | 52 | 12.7 | 10.8 to 15.0 | 52 | 12.1 | 10.1 to 14.5 | ||
| Obitsu | 18 | 10.9 | 8.4 to 14.3 | 18 | 10.1 | 7.8 to 13.0 | ||
| Miyazaki | 19 | 7.7 | 5.9 to 10.1 | 19 | 11.1 | 8.4 to 14.6 | ||
| Environmental tobacco smoke: | ||||||||
| Yes | 67 | 12.0 | 10.3 to 14.1 | 0.124 | 66 | 12.0 | 10.0 to 14.3 | 0.641 |
| No | 48 | 10.2 | 8.5 to 12.3 | 49 | 11.4 | 9.4 to 13.8 | ||