Parkinsonism prevalence ratios (PRs) by tertiles of acre-years of exposure related to pesticides
| Factor | PR (95% CI) of parkinsonism5-151 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Unadjusted | Adjusted5-150 | |||||
| Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Farm employment | 1.0 | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.4) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.7) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.8) | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.4) | ||
| Any pesticides | 1.0 | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.7) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.8) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.8) | ||
| Any insecticides | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.4) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.1) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.2) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.1) | ||
| Any herbicides | 1.0 | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.3) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.8) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.2) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | ||
| Any fungicides | 1.0 | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.0) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.9) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | ||
| Any carbamates | 1.0 | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.0) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.4) | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.0) | ||
| Any organophosphates | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.6) | ||
| Any organochlorines | 1.0 | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.3) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.0) | ||
| Any dithiocarbamates | 1.0 | 1.1 (0.3 to 3.3) | 0.8 (0.2 to 2.8) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.7) | 1.4 (0.5 to 4.5) | ||
| Azinphos methyl | 1.0 | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.4) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.9) | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.8) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.2) | ||
| DDT | 1.0 | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.3) | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.5) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.1) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.2) | ||
| Diazinon | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.2) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.6) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.4) | ||
| Lead arsenate | 1.0 | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.1) | 1.5 (0.6 to 4.0) | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.1) | ||
| Methyl parathion | 1.0 | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.1) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.9) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.7) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.0) | ||
| Paraquat | 1.0 | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.5) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.2) | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.5) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.9) | ||
| TEPP | 1.0 | 1.8 (0.4 to 8.7) | 2.4 (0.5 to 10.7) | 1.3 (0.4 to 4.9) | 2.0 (0.6 to 6.9) | ||
| Ziram | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.1) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.1) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.2) | 1.2 (0.4 to 4.1) | ||
↵5-150 Adjusted for age and pack-years of smoking.
↵5-151 Restricted to subjects with the particular exposure.
Tertiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively (n): farm employment: 73, 75, 74; pesticides: 74, 75, 75; insecticides: 73, 74, 73; herbicides: 52, 51, 51; fungicides: 57, 55, 56; carbamates: 48, 49, 47; organophosphates: 69, 70, 70; organochlorines: 65, 65, 65; dithiocarbamates: 34, 32, 33; azinphos methyl: 42, 43, 43; DDT: 53, 54, 53; diazinon: 55, 56, 55; lead arsenate: 26, 30, 28; methyl parathion: 46, 47, 46; paraquat: 32, 33, 33; TEPP: 18, 20, 19; ziram: 30, 30, 30;
Range of values (acre-years) for tertiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively: farm employment: 1–689, 690–1950, 1951–25030; pesticides: 1–559, 560–1655, 1656–24430; insecticides: 1–480, 481–1550, 1551–16140; herbicides: 1–370, 371–1200, 1201–10345; fungicides: 1–360, 361–1200, 1201–10900; carbamates: 1–296, 297–880, 881–8630; organophosphates: 1–455, 456–1367, 1368–20300; organochlorines: 1–320, 321–1060, 1061–6580; dithiocarbamates: 1–270, 271–714, 715–6330; azinphos methyl: 1–280, 281–800, 801–8580; DDT: 1–170, 171–650, 651–5600; diazinon: 1–170, 171–650, 651–4030; lead arsenate: 1–170, 171–510, 511–4525; methyl parathion: 1–240, 241–700, 701–5120; paraquat: 1–250, 251–682, 683–9950; TEPP: 1–140, 141–430, 431–5650; ziram: 1–275, 276–720, 721–6330.