Top 15 major occupations* requiring the most time on repeated bending, twisting, and reaching at work on a typical workday, the USA, 1988
| Risk ranking | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Occupation (Bureau of Census code) | Time required Minutes (SE) | RA back pain† | AI back pain‡ |
| *Major occupations were defined as occupations with more than 349000 male workers or 290000 female workers. | |||
| †Work related back pain caused by repeated activities at work. | |||
| ‡Work related back pain caused by a single accident or injury at work. | |||
| §Not elsewhere classified. | |||
| ¶No cases of back pain caused by a single accident or injury were observed among workers in seven major occupations for women, which included “hairdressers and cosmetologists”. | |||
| Male workers | |||
| Carpenters (567) | 419 (12) | 1 | 6 |
| Construction labourers (869) | 408 (22) | 7 | 1 |
| Automobile mechanics (505) | 403 (20) | 2 | 20 |
| Welders and cutters (783) | 386 (22) | 12 | 17 |
| Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.§ (883) | 382 (28) | 17 | 10 |
| Farmers, except horticultural (473) | 381 (19) | 8 | 11 |
| Farm workers (479) | 378 (29) | 17 | 4 |
| Assemblers (785) | 376 (31) | 15 | 12 |
| Machine operators, n.e.c. (779) | 368 (25) | 24 | 22 |
| Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters (585) | 358 (25) | 4 | 14 |
| Groundskeepers, and gardeners, except farm (486) | 343 (32) | 16 | 7 |
| Labourers, except construction (889) | 340 (20) | 11 | 16 |
| Painters, construction and maintenance (579) | 339 (36) | 19 | 21 |
| Stock handlers and baggers (877) | 331 (40) | 3 | 33 |
| Electricians (575) | 320 (20) | 23 | 3 |
| Female workers | |||
| Maids and housemen (449) | 350 (27) | 5 | 2 |
| Labourers, except construction (889) | 340 (33) | 6 | 5 |
| Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants (447) | 284 (13) | 1 | 1 |
| Assemblers (785) | 280 (30) | 17 | 15 |
| Farmers, except horticultural (473) | 269 (60) | 21 | 8 |
| Janitors and cleaners (453) | 266 (17) | 4 | 12 |
| Cooks, except short order (436) | 245 (18) | 13 | 11 |
| Waiters and waitresses (435) | 232 (15) | 9 | 14 |
| Licensed practical nurses (207) | 230 (22) | 2 | 4 |
| Hairdressers and cosmetologists (458) | 215 (19) | 3 | 45¶ |
| Textile sewing machine operators (744) | 208 (27) | 9 | 28 |
| Private household cleaners and servants (407) | 206 (20) | 18 | 21 |
| Registered nurses (095) | 201 (14) | 11 | 6 |
| Child care workers, except private (468) | 199 (19) | 28 | 22 |
| Cashiers (276) | 193 (11) | 14 | 26 |