|
Macro level
|
Organisational level
|
Individual level
| |
| • climate | • the nature of the industry | • age | |
| • epidemics | • working conditions | • sex | |
| • provision of health care services | • job demands | • occupational status | |
| • social insurance systems | • size of the enterprise | • job satisfaction | |
| • sickness certification practices | • characteristics of the workforce | • length of service | |
| • taxation | • workforce availability | • personality | |
| • pensionable age | • industrial relations | • life crises | |
| • social attitudes | • supervisory quality | • family responsibilities | |
| • economic climate | • personnel policies | • social support | |
| • availability of alternative employment | • labour turnover | • leisure activities | |
| • unemployment | • the provision of occupational health services | • alcohol intake | |
| | | • the health status of the individual |