Table 6

Association of work factors with musculoskeletal disorders, by sex^6-150 (estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) (95% CIs))

Work factors		Men				Women
Work factors		Back problems^6-151 (n=4220) OR (95% CI)	Musculoskeletal activity restriction^6-153(n=3772) OR (95% CI)			Back problems^6-152(n=4040) OR (95% CI)	Musculoskeletal activity restriction^6-154 (n=3691) OR (95% CI)
Decision latitude (control):
Low	0.87 (0.69 to 1.11)	0.81 (0.56 to 1.17)		1.00 (0.77 to 1.29)	1.03 (0.73 to 1.44)
High^6-160	1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)		1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)
Psychological demands (demand):
High	1.21 (0.96 to 1.53)	1.19 (0.85 to 1.67)		1.63 (1.26 to 2.10)	1.81 (1.28 to 2.58)
Low^6-160	1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)		1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)
Work social support:
Low	1.21 (0.96 to 1.51)	1.35 (0.96 to 1.89)		1.08 (0.85 to 1.38)	1.60 (1.12 to 2.30)
High^6-160	1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)		1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)
Job insecurity:
High	1.07 (0.79 to 1.44)	1.50 (1.03 to 2.19)		1.25 (0.94 to 1.67)	1.58 (1.08 to 2.30)
Low^6-160	1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)		1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)
Physical exertion:
High	1.37 (1.10 to 1.72)	1.28 (0.87 to 1.87)		1.34 (1.03 to 1.76)	1.26 (0.87 to 1.81)
Low^6-160	1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)		1.00 (—)	1.00 (—)

↵6-150 Listwise deletion was used. Variances were estimated with methods that take into account the complexity of the sampling design.
↵6-151 Controlled for age, education, marital status, and the significant variables in the column.
↵6-153 Controlled for age, income, smoking, and the significant variables in the column.
↵6-152 Controlled for age, smoking, and the significant variables in the column.
↵6-154 Controlled for age and the significant variables in the column.
↵6-160 Indicates reference category. 95% CI do not apply, hence (—).