The effect of lagging incidence
| Pollutant | Lag n (days) | ΔSD | Total cases | Cases <2 y | Cases >2 y | Total controls |
| Ozone | 0 | −1.5 | 1.22 (0.96 to 1.55) | 1.65 (1.22 to 2.22) | 0.97 (0.69 to 1.36) | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.12) |
| 1 | −1.5 | 1.16 (0.96 to 1.40) | 1.36 (1.07 to 1.74) | 1.02 (0.78 to 0.88) | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.08) | |
| 2 | −1.5 | 1.16 (0.99 to 1.37) | 1.16 (0.91 to 1.48) | 1.18 (0.90 to 1.54) | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.10) | |
| 3 | −1.5 | 1.06 (0.88 to 1.27) | 1.30 (1.02 to 1.65) | 0.92 (0.70 to 1.20) | 1.02 (0.96 to 1.09) | |
| 4 | −1.5 | 1.00 (0.79 to 1.26) | 1.13 (0.82 to 1.55) | 0.92 (0.65 to 1.28) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.12) | |
| Ozone | 0 | +2.5 | 1.42 (0.99 to 2.03) | 1.63 (0.94 to 2.84) | 1.30 (0.87 to 1.94) | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.14) |
| 1 | +2.5 | 1.16 (0.83 to 1.62) | 1.29 (0.71 to 2.36) | 1.08 (0.72 to 1.62) | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.11) | |
| 2 | +2.5 | 0.83 (0.55 to 1.25) | 0.90 (0.49 to 1.66) | 0.81 (0.51 to 1.28) | 0.96 (0.87 to 1.07) | |
| 3 | +2.5 | 0.96 (0.69 to 1.33) | 1.17 (0.73 to 1.88) | 0.85 (0.54 to 1.35) | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.07) | |
| 4 | +2.5 | 0.96 (0.70 to 1.32) | 0.92 (0.59 to 1.45) | 0.98 (0.65 to 1.48) | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) | |
| SO2 | 0 | +1 | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.11) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.13) | 1.04 (0.69 to 1.13) | 1.04 (1.02 to 1.05) |
| 1 | +1 | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.11) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.13) | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.13) | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.04) | |
| 2 | +1 | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.15) | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.12) | 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 3 | +1 | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.11) | 1.06 (0.97 to 1.16) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.11) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) | |
| 4 | +1 | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.08) | 1.01 (0.93 to 1.09) | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.11) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) | |
| NO2 | 0 | +1 | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.06) | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.16) | 0.93 (0.82 to 1.06) | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.02) |
| 1 | +1 | 1.02 (0.96 to 1.08) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.17) | 0.99 (0.91 to 1.07) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.02) | |
| 2 | +1 | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.10) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.17) | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.11) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 3 | +1 | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) | 1.00 (0.91 to 1.09) | 0.99 (0.92 to 1.08) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 4 | +1 | 0.98 (0.91 to 1.06) | 1.05 (0.94 to 1.17) | 0.94 (0.86 to 1.02) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| PM10 | 0 | +1 | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.12) | 1.05 (0.95 to 1.15) | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) | 1.02 (1.00 to 1.04) |
| 1 | +1 | 1.03 (0.97 to 1.11) | 1.03 (0.95 to 1.12) | 1.04 (0.95 to1.14) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 2 | +1 | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.14) | 1.00 (0.92 to 1.09) | 1.10 (1.00 to 1.21) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 3 | +1 | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.11) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.12) | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.14) | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03) | |
| 4 | +1 | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.07) | 1.00 (0.91 to 1.10) | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.10) | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03) | |
| Average HC | 0 | +1 | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.08) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.13) | 0.97 (0.85 to 1.10) | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.03) |
| 1 | +1 | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.10) | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.15) | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.12) | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.02) | |
| 2 | +1 | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.10) | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.14) | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.11) | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.02) | |
| 3 | +1 | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.08) | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.15) | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.03) | |
| 4 | +1 | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.10) | 1.11 (1.03 to 1.18) | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.05) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.03) |
0=Pollutant and incidence measured on same day; 1=pollutant measured 1 day before incidence etc. Incidences (95% CIs)/ΔSD of pollutant relative to incidence at mean annual concentration of pollutant. Adjustment made for season, temperature, wind speed, and infection.
Abbreviations as for table 2.