Table 4

Study of crude oil workers: SMRs for selected causes of death, by time first employed, 1946–94

Cause of death (ICD-8)		White men first employed <1940 (n=2162) p-y=74085			White men first employed 1940– (n=2352) p-y=93985			White men first employed ⩾1950 (n=15074) p-y=266345
Cause of death (ICD-8)		Observed deaths	SMR		95% CI	Observed deaths		SMR	95% CI	Observed deaths	SMR	95% CI
All causes	1817	73	70 to 77	1345	75	71 to 80	1199	71	67 to 75
All cancers (140–209)	407	84	76 to 92	351	86	77 to 95	322	79	70 to 88
Digestive system (150–159)	89	63	50 to 77	82	77	61 to 95	81	85	68 to 106
Oesophagus (150)	5	47	15 to 110	4	42	11 to 107	9	87	40 to 166
Stomach (151)	16	62	35 to 100	11	66	33 to 117	10	76	36 to 139
Large intestine (153)	31	62	42 to 88	36	92	65 to 128	28	80	53 to 116
Pancreas (157)	23	89	56 to 134	20	96	59 to 148	19	98	59 to 153
Larynx (161)	3	47	9 to 136	3	55	11 to 162	0	0	0 to 71
Lung (162)	111	78	64 to 94	123	88	73 to 105	113	76	62 to 91
Skin (172–173)	3	44	9 to 129	6	90	33 to 196	13	108	58 to 185
Prostate (185)	72	128	100 to 161	43	119	86 to 160	20	96	58 to 148
Bladder (188)	18	96	57 to 152	6	49	18 to 108	6	77	28 to 168
Kidney (189)	4	37	10 to 94	6	61	22 to 134	6	55	20 to 120
Brain and CNS (191–192)	12	134	69 to 235	9	91	42 to 173	16	108	61 to 175
Lymphatic and haematopoietic (200–209)	48	109	80 to 145	36	95	67 to 132	32	75	51 to 105
Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma (200)	4	56	15 to 143	3	54	11 to 157	3	60	12 to 175
Hodgkin's disease (201)	2	67	8 to 243	2	71	8 to 258	1	24	0 to 135
Leukaemia (204–207)	24	126	81 to 187	13	86	46 to 148	12	74	38 to 129
Other lymphatic tissue (202,203,208)	16	116	66 to 189	14	105	57 to 175	15	90	51 to 149
Benign neoplasms (210–239)	8	144	62 to 284	6	134	49 to 291	8	179	77 to 353
Diabetes mellitus (250)	21	59	36 to 90	10	38	18 to 70	5	20	6 to 47
Arteriosclerotic heart disease (410–413)	645	70	65 to 75	499	80	73 to 87	345	73	65 to 81
Vascular lesions of CNS (430–438)	162	78	67 to 91	89	81	65 to 100	31	50	34 to 70
Non-malignant respiratory disease (460–519)	163	80	68 to 93	83	59	47 to 74	53	55	41 to 72
Pneumonia (480–486)	63	77	59 to 99	25	53	34 to 78	12	40	21 to 70
Cirrhosis of liver (571)	7	21	9 to 44	10	29	14 to 53	21	41	25 to 63
All external causes (800–998)	49	46	34 to 60	64	59	46 to 76	170	65	56 to 76

p-y = Person years.