Category | Examples |
Genetic | Fibrinogen polymorphisms |
Previous exposure | Tobacco smoking |
Classic risk factors | Plasma fibrinogen, LDL cholesterol |
Pre-existing symptoms | Angina (WHO), chronic bronchitis (MRC) |
Impaired function | Reduced spirometric values |
Confirmed disease | Myocardial infarction, bronchial asthma |
Previous emergency admission | Ischaemic heart disease, obstructive lung disease |
Other factors | Age, socioeconomic status |