This article aims to compare health conditions among transportation workers and the general population. Data were obtained from the health survey supplement of the National Sample Household Survey (1998) and were estimated by means of a logistic regression model with socio-demographic characteristics as predictive variables. Production losses resulting from time off the job due to disease was estimated. Age, years of schooling, work in the cargo transportation industry, and being a driver were significantly associated with the odds of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases. The average number of working days lost by drivers and fare collectors was 6.28, representing a wage loss of approximately 2.6 million US dollars.