Heart rate variability associated with particulate air pollution☆,☆☆,★
Section snippets
Study area, period, and patient selection
This study was conducted in the Utah Valley in central Utah (Figure 1).During frequent winter low-level temperature inversion episodes, particulate concentrations become elevated as local emissions are trapped in a stagnant air mass near the valley floor. Sources of particulate air pollution in the valley included an integrated steel mill, motor vehicle emissions, wood smoke, and others. The study area is approximately 1400 meters above sea level.
During the winter of
Results
Tables I and II provide summary information about the participants in the study and the mean HR and HRV data collected.Patient Age Sex Medical summary Prescription medication 1 75 M Congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes Verapamil, insulin, levothyroxine (Synthroid) 2 69 F Hypertension, angina, diabetes, congestive heart failure Insulin 3 89 M Asthma, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes Finasteride (Proscar), digoxin (Lanoxin), glyburide (Micronase) 4 77 M
Discussion
Although epidemiologic investigations have observed that cardiopulmonary mortality is associated with particulate air pollution,1, 2 the underlying biologic mechanisms remain largely unknown. A potential general pathophysiologic pathway linking cardiopulmonary mortality and particulate air pollution includes fine particle pollution–induced lung damage (potentially including oxidative lung damage and inflammation), declines in lung function, respiratory distress, and potentially cardiovascular
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Supported in part by Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, Mass, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES- 00002).
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Reprint requests: C. Arden Pope III, PhD, 142 FOB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602. E-mail: [email protected]
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