Changes in average population weighted annual exposure to air pollution (NO2 and PM10, in micrograms per cubic metre) and associated impacts as YLG according to circular zone and SEP in residents within 150 m from HTRs
| Population | Mortality rates per 100 000 | NO2 | PM10 | |||||||
| Pre–post difference optimistic scenario (NO2) | Pre–post difference pessimistic scenario (NO2) | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years optimistic scenario | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years pessimistic scenario | Pre–post difference optimistic scenario (PM10) | Pre–post difference pessimistic scenario (PM10) | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years optimistic scenario | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years pessimistic scenario | |||
| By circular zone | ||||||||||
| Outside main ring | 98 896 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main ring | 235 964 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Green strip | 495 713 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Railway ring | 225 839 | 924 | −2.50 | −1.85 | 3117 | 2300 | −0.41 | −0.34 | 506 | 420 |
| Traffic limited zone | 21 048 | 924 | −3.13 | −2.32 | 3362 | 2483 | −0.53 | −0.44 | 563 | 467 |
| By SEP | ||||||||||
| 1 (high) | 218 584 | 854 | −0.96 | −0.71 | 1097 | 810 | −0.16 | −0.13 | 153 | 124 |
| 2 | 250 135 | 933 | −0.77 | −0.57 | 884 | 654 | −0.13 | −0.11 | 197 | 166 |
| 3 | 237 853 | 901 | −0.54 | −0.40 | 630 | 466 | −0.09 | −0.08 | 138 | 123 |
| 4 | 202 108 | 896 | −0.37 | −0.28 | 421 | 319 | −0.07 | −0.06 | 105 | 90 |
| 5 (low) | 168 780 | 1029 | −0.17 | −0.12 | 195 | 138 | −0.03 | −0.02 | 56 | 38 |
| Total | 1 077 460 | 924 | −0.59 | −0.43 | 686 | 500 | −0.10 | −0.08 | 116 | 93 |
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Baseline mortality rates standardised for age using the total Rome population of 2005. Pre–post differences of 2005 based on population-weighted average concentrations of address data of 1 077 460 subjects. We have assumed that the difference results in a reduction in hazards for the years 2005 till 2019 (15 years) based on the CRF of 1.06 per 10 μg/m3 in NO2 or PM10 when considering the entire city or the circular zone and SEP-specific CRFs when considering SEP (PM10 only). These CRFs were applied for people aged ≥30 years. By SEP and NO2: CRF=1.06. By SEP and PM10: CRF of 1.05 for the highest SEP group, 1.08 for the three middle groups, and a CRF of 1.10 for the lowest group. HTR: >10 000 vehicles circulating per day.
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CRF, concentration–response function; HTR, high-traffic road; SEP, socioeconomic position; YLG, years of life gained.
