Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 1 of a population-based, cross-sectional study in Germany
- M Blettner1,
- B Schlehofer2,
- J Breckenkamp3,
- B Kowall3,
- S Schmiedel5,
- U Reis4,
- P Potthoff4,
- J Schüz5,
- G Berg-Beckhoff3
- 1Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- 2Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- 3Department of Epidemiology and International Public Health, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- 4TNS Heath Care GmbH, München, Germany
- 5Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
- M Blettner, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, D-55101 Mainz, Germany; blettner{at}imbei.uni-mainz.de
- Accepted 18 August 2008
- Published Online First 18 November 2008
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this first phase of a cross-sectional study from Germany was to investigate whether proximity of residence to mobile phone base stations as well as risk perception is associated with health complaints.
Methods: The researchers conducted a population-based, multi-phase, cross-sectional study within the context of a large panel survey regularly carried out by a private research institute in Germany. In the initial phase, reported on in this paper, 30 047 persons from a total of 51 444 who took part in the nationwide survey also answered questions on how mobile phone base stations affected their health. A list of 38 health complaints was used. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify predictors of health complaints including proximity of residence to mobile phone base stations and risk perception.
Results: Of the 30 047 participants (response rate 58.6%), 18.7% of participants were concerned about adverse health effects of mobile phone base stations, while an additional 10.3% attributed their personal adverse health effects to the exposure from them. Participants who were concerned about or attributed adverse health effects to mobile phone base stations and those living in the vicinity of a mobile phone base station (500 m) reported slightly more health complaints than others.
Conclusions: A substantial proportion of the German population is concerned about adverse health effects caused by exposure from mobile phone base stations. The observed slightly higher prevalence of health complaints near base stations can not however be fully explained by attributions or concerns.
Footnotes
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Funding: The study received its funding entirely from the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nuclear Safety, and Nature Protection, within the context of the “Deutsches Mobilfunkforschungsprogramm” (German Mobile Telecommunication Research Programme). The study sponsor had no involvement in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication.
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Competing interests: None.
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We declare that we participated in the study and have seen and approved the final version. MB, GB-B, BS, PP and JS conceptualised the study and developed the study protocol. MB and GB-B were responsible for the conduction of the study. PP was responsible for the survey, which was managed by UR. PP and UR analysed the survey data. GB-B, BK and JB were responsible for data management and, together with SS, for the analysis. JS and MB prepared the manuscript which was jointly finalised by all authors. MB is the guarantor of the work.
